31st Annual Airport Conference Hershey, PA March 17-19, 2008 “Green” Airports: Shrinking Aviation’s Environmental Footprint

Environmental Footprint Airports can service 1000’s of people/day, creating the same environmental concerns as a small city. Energy Use Food Consumption Material Use Water Use Inputs Air Emissions Solid Waste Hazardous Waste Wastewater Outs

Regulation and Compliance  U.S. airports are subject to stringent environmental regulations set forth by federal, state, and local government agencies.  Airports must comply diverse environmental regulations, including air and water quality, solid waste and hazardous materials management, natural resources and endangered species.

Today’s Topics  EPA Voluntary Partnership Programs  Environmentally Preferable Purchasing  Mobile Source Air Pollution Reduction  Funding Opportunities

EPA Partnership Programs Benefits of Becoming a Partner  Cleaner Environment  Increased Profits  Energy Conservation  Public Recognition  Technical Assistance

 Proven strategies to achieve pollution prevention and climate stewardship through superior energy performance.  In 2007, saved enough energy to avoid greenhouse gas emissions equivalent to those from 27 million cars — all while saving $16 billion in utility bills.

Become a Partner  energy efficiency improvement goal of 10% Use Energy Star Benchmarking tools and earn the Energy Star Plaque  achieve a 75% rating certified by energy P.E.

ENERGY STAR Qualified Products  Appliances  Heating and Cooling  Building Materials  Electronics and Office Equipment  Lighting  Commercial Food Service

 Reduces industrial air pollution by cutting back on fossil fuel energy production.  Supports organizations which purchase or produce green power. Solar, wind, geothermal, biomass, hydro  Partners commit to replacing a portion of their energy usage with renewable energy.

Making Green Energy Solar Roofs: 1.1 MW KW 346 KW

Making Green Energy Bio-Gas Wind Destiny Mall: Vertical Axis Turbine light poles yield up to 84,000 kwhs. Wisconsin Sewage Plant using Bio-gas from Digesters

 An industry-government partnership that works with companies to develop long-term comprehensive climate change strategies.  Partners set a corporate-wide greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction goal and inventory their emissions to measure progress.

 Organics  Paper  Packaging  Electronics  Industrial By-products  C&D Debris WasteWise promotes cost savings and efficiency through waste prevention, recycling, and buying recycled content products.

 CCPs include: Fly ash, Bottom ash, Boiler slag and Flue gas desulfurization slag  CCPs may be used in almost all construction applications  Provides better performance (pozylonic properties) than Portland cement

 Widely available  Costs savings average 30-45%  Significant energy and resource savings as well as greenhouse gas reductions

Reusing one ton of CCPs:  Removes the equivalent of two months of an automobile’s carbon dioxide emissions.  Conserves enough landfill space to hold about the amount of solid waste produced by one American over 270 days.  Saves enough energy to provide electricity to an average American home for 19 days.

Water-efficient toilets and faucets now carry EPA’s WaterSense logo.

 Millions of tons of waste materials are hauled away, buried, or burned each day from landscaping and grounds keeping.  Greenscapes provides tools for updated landscaping methods to reduce or eliminate the costs of water, pesticides, and fuels — both economic and environmental.

 Voluntary partnership between EPA and the freight industry Increase energy efficiency and energy security Reduce air pollution and greenhouse gases  Carriers provide the majority of reductions  Shippers partner with Smartway carriers

Environmentally Preferable Purchasing (EPP) Environmentally preferable: "...products or services that have a lesser or reduced effect on human health and the environment when compared with competing products or services that serve the same purpose..."

EPP Tools The Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Program has summarized information about popular environmentally preferable products and services. Buildings and Construction Carpets Cleaning Electronics Fleets Food Services Landscaping Meetings & Conferences Office Supplies Paper

EPP Tools  The BEES (Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability) software is a powerful technique for selecting cost-effective, environmentally-preferable building products. 

EPP Tools  EPEAT is a tool designed to help purchasers evaluate, compare and select desktop computers, notebooks and monitors based on their environmental attributes

Mobile Sources of Air Pollution Aviation Related Emissions  Aircraft  Infrastructure  Ground Support Equipment (GSE)  Maintenance and Construction Vehicles  Ground Access Vehicles

Aircraft  Single Engine Taxi  Tow Aircraft to Runway  Winglets  More Direct Routes  Reduce Load  Optimize Speed

Airport Infrastructure  Gate Electrification  Preconditioned Air at Gates  Underground Fuel Hydrant Systems  Refueling and Recharging Stations

Ground Support Equipment (GSE)  GSE mainly off-road equipment fueled by gasoline or diesel  Variety of Functions (cargo, baggage handling, aircraft maintenance) STRATEGIES  Alternative Fuels (Biodiesel, CNG, etc.)  Electric Vehicles  Best Available Diesel Retrofit Technology

Airport Construction  Retrofit  Repower  Repair  Replace  Reduce idling  Switch to alternative fuels

Ground Access Vehicles (GAVs)  GAVs are vehicles such as cars, shuttles, and trucks that transport people and goods to and from airports STRATEGIES  Promotion of high occupancy vehicle lanes  Public transportation access  Incentives for vendors with low emission vehicles  Parking incentives for low emission passenger vehicles

FAA’s Voluntary Airport Low Emission Program (VALE)  VALE was established by Vision 100 and targets commercial service airports in nonattainment or maintenance areas The Goal  Reduce harmful emissions generated by ground transportation sources at airports  Decrease US dependency on petroleum based fuels

FAA’s Voluntary Airport Low Emission Program (VALE)  Provides sponsors with financial & regulatory incentives to invest in proven low-emissions technology  Funding is provided through the FAA Airport Improvement program (AIP) and the Passenger Facility Charges (PFC) program  Airports receive bankable emission reduction credits (AERCs) for VALE projects that can be applied toward future airport projects to meet general conformity & NSR requirements

Benefits of VALE  Offers greater funding for airport emission reductions  Allows a forward-looking approach and supports early action with emission credits  Improves communication between airport and air quality agencies  Builds good community relations  Promotes clean alternative fuels that are domestically produced

National Clean Diesel Funding Assistance Program: Eligible Entities  Regional, state, local, tribal or port agency with jurisdiction over transportation or air quality; and  Nonprofit organization or institution which Represents or provides pollution reduction or educational services to persons or organizations that operate diesel fleets; or Has, as its principle purpose, the promotion of transportation or air quality

 Cannot fund the cost of emissions reductions mandated under Federal, State or Local law  Grants are not for emissions testing National Clean Diesel Funding Assistance Program: Use of funds

 Technologies and engines must be verified and/or certified by USEPA or CARB (select “Verified Retrofit Technologies” link)  Incremental cost of engine replacement (sent to be remanufactured or scrapped), engine repower, engine rebuild

National Clean Diesel Funding Assistance Program: FY08 Timeline Jan-Feb Mar- Apr May- Jun Jul- Aug Sep- Oct Information & Preparation Submit Applications EPA Evaluations Project Review and Award Project Implementation Nov- Dec

Contacts Region 2 US EPA, Mobile Source Team Melanie Zeman Faye Blondin More