Annual Review of SC activities Study Committee C4 System Technical Performance Danielle McNabb, Hydro-Québec -TransÉnergie

2 C4 System Technical Performance Further Revised Scope: SC C4 deals with methods and tools for analysis related to power systems, with particular reference to dynamic and transient conditions and to the interaction between the power system and its apparatus/sub ‐ systems, between the power system and external causes of stress and between the power system and other installations. Specific issues related to the design and manufacturing of components and apparatus are not in the scopes of SC C4, as well as those specifically related to planning and operation and control, apart from those cases in which component/apparatus/subsystem behaviour depends on, or significantly interacts with, the performance of the nearby power system. The areas on which the activity is carried out are: Power Quality, Electromagnetic Compatibility/Electromagnetic Interference (EMC/EMI), Insulation coordination, Lightning, Advanced Tools for the analysis of power system performance, Power systems dynamic performance models and analysis. The above points certainly relate also to the emerging Smart Grids technology, with particular emphasis concerning Power Quality and Advanced Tools for the analysis of power system transients and dynamic performance.

3 Areas of Interest Power Quality: Benchmarking of PQ performance; Compatibility levels and Indices; Measuring and monitoring; Correlation between lightning and voltage dips; Emissions from disturbing installations (e.g. HVDC, SVC, arc furnaces); Immunity of installations. Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC): EM vulnerability; EMC in vicinity of power systems; Requirements and solutions for HV substations and generating stations; Health effects related to low frequency EMF are excluded. Insulation co-ordination: Critical review of existing practice; UHV systems; HVDC systems; Interaction between system and transformers, with reference to transformer energization studies; Resonance and Ferro resonance; interaction between long AC cables and the system; influence of system conditions and characteristics on CBs operation, such as TRVs; Insulator pollution influence on the system performance. Lightning: Critical review parameter statistics; Attachment process; Lightning performance of distribution and transmission lines with reference to the application of line arresters; Low Voltage lines protection; Protection of wind generators; lightning location systems data application. Advanced Tools for the analysis of power system performance: Numerical EM analysis for surge propagation studies; Numerical techniques for the computation from steady ‐ state to very fast front transients; modelling unsymmetrical conditions of power systems. Power systems dynamic performance models and analysis: Power balancing assessments; Influence of power converters and HVDC transmission on system security and AC network performances; Methods for modelling and aggregation of loads in active power networks;

4 C4 System Technical Performance New Structure In 2010, the C4 Study Committee was restructured Now divided into 3 AG's AG 4.1 Strategic Directions AG 4.2 Institutional Liaison AG 4.3 Tutorials and Conferences 20 actives WG's Specific areas of interest have all been regrouped into AG 4.1 Renumbering for new WG's Next WG to be numbered 4.21

5 SC-C4 New Strategic Plan In organising the SC C4 activities and workforce, it is important to recognise the following key features of its scope: It brings together all activities related to the system "technical" performance under one study committee, thus providing for the coordination and integration of these activities. The study of the phenomena considered requires a high degree of specialist knowledge and experience related to characteristics and performance of individual components as well as the integrated power system.

6 SC-C4 New Structure

7 SC- C4 New structure

8 SC-C4 Current Activities There are currently 20 active Working Bodies: 18 WGs: two on Power Quality, four on Insulation Coordination, four on Lightning, three on EMC/EMI, two on Power System Security, three on advanced modelling and techniques (C4.105 to be disbanded) 1 Joint WG with CIRED: on Power Quality 1 Joint WG with SC C1 & B4 on System Security 1 Joint WG with SC A2 on Insulation Coordination In addition to the three Advisory Groups A total of 11 WG have Canadian representatives (C4.111, 112, 207, 306, 307, 309, 407, 502, 503, 603 and 604 along with AG C4.1 and C4)

9 C 4 System Technical Performance  SC Members : 24 members 41 countrys represented ADAMS, R. (AU)ENGELBRECHT, C. (NL) MALGAROTTI, S. (IT) SEKSO, A. (HR) ACKOSKI, R.GEORGANTZIS, G. (GR) MARTINEZ M. J.C.SHIM EUNG-BO (KR) AL-BASSAM, LGRANT, I. (US)MC NABB, D. (CA)STROEV, V. (RU) AMDUR, D (RO)GRAPE, U. (SE)MOTOYAMA, H. (JP)SEIFI, H. (IR) ARCOS VARGAS, A.HOEFFELMAN, J. (BE) NEUMANN, C. (DE)SLIMANOU, M. (FR) BIANCHI LASTRA, R. (AR) HANZELKA, Z.NUCCI, C.A. (IT) Chair. (2006) UHLEN, K. (NO) BRAUNLICH, R. (CH)Ishii, M. (JP)PACK, S. (AT)UUSITALO, M. (FI) BRASIL, Dalton (BR)KATIC, V.PHANG, W.VELEDAR, M CORREIA de BARROS, M. T. (PT) KOCH, R. (ZA)POURBEIK, P.(US) Secretary VILLA, A. (VE) CRISTESCU, D.(RO)KOCIS, L. (CZ)SABOT, A. (FR)XUE, Y. (CH) EMIN, Z. (UK)MOUSTAFA MAHMOUD, H. (EG) SEHGAL, Y. (IN)

10 HIGHLIGHTS FOR International symposium "Assessing and Improving Power System Security, Reliability and Performance in Light of Changing Energy Sources" Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil April 3-6, 2011 SC-C Annual AG C4.1 and AG C4.2 meetings held on April 7, and General C4 meeting on April 8, 2011 in Recife, Brazil International Symposium "The Electric Power System of the Future – Integrating Supergrids and Microgrids" Bologna, Italy September , 2011

11 PUBLICATIONS IN THE LAST 2 YEARS WG C4.110: TB No. 412, “Voltage dip immunity of equipment and installations”, April 2010 WG C4.601: TB No. 434 on “Review of the Current Status of Tools and Techniques for Risk-Based and Probabilistic Planning in Power Systems”, by, published October WG C4.301: TB No. 440 “Use of Surge Arresters for Lightning Protection of Transmission Lines”, published December 2010 WG C4.402(JW with CIRED): TB No. 441, “Protection of Medium Voltage and Low Voltage Networks Against Lightning, Part 2: Lightning protection of Medium Voltage networks”, published December 2010 WG C4.108 (JW with CIRED): TB No. 449, “Review of Flicker Objectives for HV, MW, LV Systems”, published February, 2011

12 SUBMITTED FOR PUBLICATION JWG CIGRE - CIRED C4.107: TB on ECONOMIC FRAMEWORK FOR POWER QUALITY;submitted for publication JWG CIGRE - CIRED C4.109: TB on REVIEW OF EMISSION ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUES; submitted for publication WG C4.405: Electra Paper, “A REVIEW OF SIMULATION PROCEDURES UTILIZED TO STUDY THE ATTACHMENT OF LIGHTNING FLASHES TO GROUNDED STRUCTURES”; submitted for publication WG C4.405: Electra Paper, “NON CONVENTIONAL LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEMS”; submitted for publication

13 AG C4.2 - Liaisons The Goal of AG C4.2 – Liaisons: From Strategic plan for C4: "Maximising the potential of the links that exist with external organisations, such as CIRED, IEC, Eurelectric and IEEE, as well as through internal coordination with the other CIGRE Study Committees" Interaction with other technical organisations is essential for identifying and effectively dealing with emerging system performance problems. Additionally, CIGRE has the important role of providing the scientific and technical knowledge base on which new standards are developed by international organisations such as IEC. In this context, SC C4 intends to work collaboratively as appropriate with the following organisations: IEC, CIRED, IEEE, Cenelec, Eurelectric

14 SC C4 Preferential Broad Subjects 2012 PS1: Modelling and practical experience of the interaction of new generation/transmission technologies and related power electronics with the transmission and distribution systems (Special Reporter: Zia Emin) Dynamic and transient performance of the network Power quality and EMC issues related to the massive use of power electronics and to external phenomena PS2: Advanced tools and techniques for power system performance analysis with particular reference to stochastic methods (Special Reporter: Danielle McNabb, CA) Incorporating risk in analysis through probabilistic tools and assessment in light of the increasing complexity of future networks Advanced numerical methods with particular reference to asymmetrical systems PS3: Lightning protection and insulation coordination as it relates to new generation and transmission technology (Special Reporter: Alain Xemard, FR) Wind generators UHV systems HVDC systems New models for the calculation of lightning performance of transmission lines

15 Paris 2012 – Next Meeting The next C4 meeting will be held in Paris in Date to be announced