Motives & Needs الدوافع و الإحتياجات Dr. Ramez Bedwani.

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Presentation transcript:

Motives & Needs الدوافع و الإحتياجات Dr. Ramez Bedwani

Outcome By the end of the lecture we should be able to: Know Definition of Motives ( التعريف / يعنى إيه؟ الدوافع ) Know types & classification ( أنواعها ) Know provocation of motives ( إثارة و تحفيز ) Know blockers of motivation( حواجز و إحباطات ) Know stages of Needs (Maslow’s)( مراحل الإحتياجات )

Definition* A motive ( الدافع )is the mental process ( العملية الذهنية ) that initiates ( يبدأ ), directs ( يوجه ) and maintains ( إستمرارية ) behavior (doing, action), towards a goal هدف ) ). So motives ( الدوافع ) are tools ( أدوات ) for explaining ( تساعد على تفسير )behavior ( السلوكيات )and making predictions( توقعات ) about future behavior Every aspect of life, needs motivation as the fuel ( وقود ) for performance ( أداء ) & achievement( إنجازات )

Classification, Types I.Biological (innate / physiological/ instincts) ( غريزة مولود بيها ) 1-since birth (unlearned) 2-Permanent: present all the time (active or inactive) 3-Universal : found in all humans II.Social (acquired/ learned)( مكتسبة )

I.Biological (Innate/ physiological) motives (= Instincts الغرائز ) *: Thirst( العطش ), Hunger ( الجوع ), Temperature regulation( تنظيم درجة حرارة الجسم ), Reproduction ( التكاثر ) aroused ( تنبه )by changes( بتغيرات ) of the body’s physiological state.

II-Social motives* These are motives stimulated( تثار ) by social influence( التأثير الإجتماعى ) (= are learned and acquired نتعلمهم و نكتسبهم ) : 1. Motive for belonging ( الإتتماء ) B 2.Motive for achievement ( الإنجاز ) A 3.Motive for power( القوة للتحكم السيطرة النفوذ ) P 4. Motive to be Competent ( الكفاءة ) C

1-Motive for belonging Need to be with others To work together, to form friendships( صداقات ) and associations ( معارف و رابطات )

2- The Motive for achievement A need to attempt ( المحاولة ) at tasks ( ( مهام and try to succeed in doing them( النجاح ) People with Achievement motive are : persistent ( مثابرين )in their work, seek more challenging تحديات )) tasks,

3- Motive for competence ( الكفاءة ) To be able to cope( يتأقلم ) effectively with the every day challenges Everyone looks for: living on one’s own ( independence)( الإستقلال ) want to perfect their profession ( تجويد و إتقان عملهم لأقصى حد ممكن )

4- Motive for Power القوة للتحكم و التأثير A social motive in which the goal ( الهدف ) is to influence ( يؤثر ), control ( يتحكم ), lead ( يقود ), & charm others ( يبهر و يفتن الآخرين ) Such people like admiration ( المدح و الإعجاب ) and control ( مناصب القيادة و التحكم ).

Provocation ( تحفيز ) of motives can be done by* : 1. Defining ( تحديد ) the final goal clearly 2.Defining the steps which will lead to the final goal: (The more the goal is near and clear, the more the motive is strong) 3. Establish a confidant ( يحتفظ بالأسرار )relationship between therapist and patient.

4.Supply adequate and enough resources ( موارد )equipment( أدوات ) and facilities( إمكانيات ) 5.Allow fair competition ( منافسة ) (but exaggerated ( المبالغة و التهويل )competition can block motivation) 6.Elimination ( إزالة )of interfering ( أى عوامل متداخلة أو مشتتة ) factors

Motives are often blocked( تمنع ) or frustrated ( تحبط )by: 1.personal factors / conflict ( صراعات داخلية ) with Other( أخرى ) contradictory ( تعارض )motives 2.Unpleasant environmental ( عوامل بيئية ) conditions

Needs ( الإحتياجات )

إحتياجات فسيولوجية إحتياجات الأمان إحتياج للحب و الإنتماء إحتياج لرفع الروح المعنوية إحتياج لتحقيق الذات أحسن ما أكون Maslow’s Pyramid of needs*

sequence of events: e. g. Thirst Tension (imbalance) ( جفاف الجسم توتر ) Motive ( دافع العطش ) Need ( إحتياج لشرب الماء ) Behavior سلوك بحث عن الماء Rebalanc e إستعادة التوازن الإرتواء