Chapter Six – Separation Methods FRSC 8104 Criminalistics II Professor Bensley

FRSC 8104 – Chapter 6 Objectives After studying this chapter, the student should be able to:  Describe solid and liquid phase extractions and recognize when these techniques are useful  Understand the basic concepts behind chromatographic methods  Recall the important components of a gas chromatograph and a high performance liquid chromatograph and their function  Recognize how chromatographic techniques are employed in the forensic laboratory; know which separation techniques are useful for the various types of evidence encountered in the laboratory

FRSC 8104 – Chapter 6 Outline I.Introduction A.Why are these techniques needed? B.Definitions: Analyte, Solvent, Solute II.Liquid Phase Extraction A.Partitioning Process 1.Polarity 2.pH

FRSC 8104 – Chapter 6 Outline

III.Solid Phase Extraction A.Adsorption B.Examples

FRSC 8104 – Chapter 6 Outline IV.Chromatography A.History and Theory 1.Stationary vs. Mobile Phases 2.Normal and Reverse Phases B.Gas Chromatography (GC or GLC) 1.Packed vs. Capillary Columns 2.Components a.Injection Port b.Column c.Detector 3.Quantitative Analysis 4.Pyrolysis GC 5.Applications

FRSC 8104 – Chapter 6 Outline C.High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) 1.Advantages over GC 2.Components a.Injector b.Column c.Detector 3.Applications

FRSC 8104 – Chapter 6 Outline D.Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) 1.Stationary vs. Mobile Phases 2.Process 3.Detection 4.Applications 5.Advantages/ Disadvantages

FRSC 8104 – Chapter 6 Outline V.Electrophoresis A.Gel vs. Capillary (CE) B.Stationary Phases C.Mobile Phase D.Detectors E.Applications Animation Detailing Capillary Electrophoresis