Blanche Jackson Glimps, Contributor The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction By Margo A. Mastropieri Thomas E. Scruggs Blanche Jackson Glimps, Contributor The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Teaching Study Skills Chapter 12 The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Objectives Demonstrate understanding of tools to develop independent learners and personal organizational skills. Identify ways to clearly state class expectations for successful completion of homework Define the purpose, requisite skills, and various strategies to practice effective listening skills. The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Objectives (cont.) Identify and demonstrate understanding of various note-taking skills and strategies. Demonstrate familiarity with various library resources and reference skills necessary to complete successfully a report or project. Describe and apply strategies for assisting students with disabilities to prepare reports and projects. The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Study Skills and Success in School Students with special needs and those at-risk for school failure benefit from explicit instruction in studying, organizing, and completing assignments on time Students who use efficient study and organizational strategies perform better and are more likely to succeed in school The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Strategies for Personal Organizational Skills Help students develop personal organizational skills Post and review class and time schedules Describe how to locate rooms within the school at the beginning of the academic year Make yourself, a peer, or a paraprofessional available daily to go over class schedules Don’t forget lockers Clearly post and review schedule changes Demonstrate use of daily, weekly, monthly planning Teach students how to review, prioritize, set goals, and accomplish tasks The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Tools to Develop Independence Use task analysis to organize assignments The process of taking a large task or assignment and breaking it into subcomponent smaller tasks, estimating task completion time for each subcomponent Teach strategies for homework completion Provides opportunities for students to develop fluency with the information being taught and to develop organizational and self-study skills Some assignments may need to be reduced in size and scope for students with disabilities They often require more time to process and complete the same activities The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Homework Give clear instructions and due dates Explain purpose of the assignment Describe materials necessary to complete assignment Repeat or explain the directions Anticipate any areas of difficulty and attempt to provide extra clarification Explain how students can get help if they are experiencing difficulty Establish a regular time for collecting and distributing Consistently grade and return assignments Arrange classroom incentives Remember to assign projects within students’ ability levels The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Teach Strategies for Homework Completion Clearly state class expectations How will work be evaluated, provide examples, create checklists Use cooperative homework teams Students are assigned into 3- and 4-member heterogeneous cooperative homework teams Teach assignment completion strategy The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

PROJECT Strategy Assignment completion strategy Research-based strategy originally taught to middle school students with learning disabilities Strategy taught using the mnemonic “PROJECT”, representing the following steps P = Prepare your forms, including monthly planner, weekly study schedule, and assignment sheet R = Record assignments and ask for clarification O = Organize the assignment (break into parts) J = Jump into it (overcome task avoidance) E = Engage in the work (complete assignment and get assistance as needed) C = Check your work T = Turn in your work on time The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Promoting Listening Skills Address requisite listening skills Determine if students can hear speaker adequately Determine if attention problem exists Determine if student understands the speaker Judge whether students can recognize and select important points Teach listening skills The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Teach Listening Skills Explain the purpose of a listening activity Model and demonstrate use of keywords and phrases like first, second, third, next Have students identify important phrases Give students advanced organizers Ask students to relate the presentation to their own knowledge Give outlines and study guides to students Segment presentation into three or four smaller parts. Stop after each and summarize The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Adjust Lectures Begin presentations by stating the overall objectives Include key words and emphasize their use during the presentations Write key points on an overhead or on board Adjust pace of presentation Present schematic diagrams that explain complex concepts or use manipulatives Stop frequently and encourage students to ask questions The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Plan for Special Problems The pace of the presenter is too fast Amount of information given is too great Students lack prior knowledge on the topic Language is too difficult Students have difficulties processing and organizing information Strategies: Ask lecturers to slow down/pace yourself Repeat information Write major points Tape record important presentations The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Note Taking Define the purpose Provides students with a greater depth of processing of information presented orally Can also be used to review information presented orally The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Note Taking Teach note-taking skills and strategies Be prepared Teach how to write short summaries Ask questions for clarification Teach abbreviations Use specific formats for note taking Teach speed and accuracy techniques Teach students how to study using notes The AWARE strategy Strategic note taking Note taking apps The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

The AWARE Strategy Developed for college students with learning disabilities Can be adapted for students in secondary settings Arrange to take notes Write quickly Apply cues Review notes as soon as possible Edit notes The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Note-taking Note-taking Problems Solutions Provide outline as handout Model outlining on board Copy overhead for student Model shorthand Provide variety of paper & pens Organize lecture logically Write key points as you lecture Provide guided notes Provide format Teach strategy Show how to review & elaborate Model how to use Schedule time for review Note-taker is too slow Legibility Deciding what to write Deciding how to organize Learning how to use notes The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Research and Reference Skills Students with special needs benefit from explicit instruction, practice, and feedback on research and reference skills including: Reference books Indexes Computer-assisted literature and encyclopedia searches Search engines World Wide Web Encourage students to ask questions and search for answers The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Teach Library Skills Teach use of reference books Some students may require instruction in alphabetizing Teach students how to use databases Teach use of library catalogs Students need to be taught how to use computerized catalogs Use of Internet search engines The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Preparing Reports and Projects Teach the entire process to students Define the writing task Select topic Provide examples of topics that interest students, but are manageable Develop a writing plan Brainstorm ideas Collect and organize ideas and information Write first draft of paper Obtain feedback on draft Revise and rewrite Proof and edit final version The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Differentiated Instruction, 5th ed., Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, ISBN 0132659859 © 2014, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.