Kinesiology Laboratory 2: Muscle Mechanics Length Tension Relationships, Velocity Tension Relationships, Active and Passive Insufficiency

Today’s Activities Grip Strength Analysis Biodex Data Analysis Knee Extension with Goniometers Knee Flexion with Goniometers Exercise Analysis- Upper Extremity (Presentations- Next Week)

Anatomy Review: The Wrist

Anatomy Review: Hamstrings and Quadriceps

Active Insufficiency When a two-joint muscle is restrained in contraction. The agonist muscle is slackened to the point where it has lost its ability to generate maximum tension.

Passive Insufficiency When a two-joint muscle is constrained in elongation. This occurs when the antagonist muscle cannot be elongated any farther and the full ROM cannot be achieved.

Length Tension Curve

Velocity Tension Curve

Grip Strength Dynamometer Grip Number Force 1 2 3 4 5 Wrist Flexed (Highest #) Graph Results: Force on y-axis, Grip number on x-axis What principles are present?

Biodex Machine Creates a concentric contraction of both the Quads (Flexion) and Hamstrings (Extension)= Isokinetic Exercise

Biodex Data Velocity (deg/sec) # Repetitions Peak Torque Extension (ft-lbs) Peak Torque Flexion (ft-lbs) 45 5 159.5 102.2 60 150.2 98.9 90 10 141.8 94.4 120 142.5 90.8 180 114.5 91.5 240 103.9 79.9 Graph data for Results section. What principle is being demonstrated?

Knee Extension and Hip Flexion Using a Goniometer Using the Goniometer Align the goniometer with the joint being tested. Have the arms pointing toward the moving limb Complete movement Align second goniometer arm with limb Read the degrees of movement Make note of subjective feelings Make a table of your results for the lab report Use figures for each activity What principle is being shown in activity 3? What principle is being shown in activity 4?

Example Diagrams:

Presentation Assignments Group 1: Shoulder Flexors and Shoulder Extensors Group 2: Shoulder Abductors and Shoulder Internal and External Rotators Group 3: Elbow Extensors and Wrist Flexors and Extensors Group 4: Elbow Flexors and Forearm Supinators and Pronators

Presentation Requirements 3 Different Exercise for Each Muscle Group There must be one gravity eliminated and one gravity resistive exercise per muscle group (Think about the way the body is positioned) Utilize a variety of equipment (Therabands, dumbbells, benches, etc.) Present exercises in order of difficulty Identify the type of muscle contraction (Eccentric or Concentric) Notes may be used during presentation

For Next Week Lab Report 2 Presentations Readings: H&K: Ch5 cont’d, TG: pp 108-112, 127-148 (not palpation)