Get out ISN we are taking notes Content Objective: Students will demonstrate comprehension of structure and function of the skeletal system by writing about what they learn during the powerpoint. Language Objective: Student will read about structure and function of the skeletal system and write examples for the types of bones and joints found in the body. Quiz Friday Independent study projects due Next week. Need your Science Fair permission forms By Friday!!

Independent Study Projects Due Next Friday Counts as a test grade failure to turn in results in a zero as a test grade!! 1 st Period IriAmin Holguin Daniela Mendoza Tristan Yin 4 th Period Madilyn Davenport Chyanne Gregg Alecia Ramirez 5 th Period Kynnedy Flannel Jack LeBato Jose Moreno Samantha Moreno Dulce Sosa 6 th Period Paul Grundy 7 th Period Chris Gonzales Cameron Lopez

The Skeletal System

Definition: –all the bones in the body

Living or Non-living? LIVING- –Proof: cells are found in bones, and all living things are made up of cells.

The Skeletal System Function –forms an internal, living framework that provides shape and support protects internal organs Attach muscles so that they can move forms blood cells (bone marrow) stores calcium and phosphorous compounds for later use

Bones Made of layers of living tissue Outer Layer: Covered with a tough, tight-fitting membrane called the periosteum

Compact Bone Found Directly under the periosteum Hard, strong layer Gives bones strength Made of deposits of calcium phosphate Contains bone cells and blood vessels

Spongy Bone Located at the ends of long bones Has many small, open spaces that make bones lightweight It is filled with a substance called marrow –yellow composed of fat cells –red produces red blood cells

Cartilage Smooth, slippery, thick layer of tissue Thick soft tissue covers the ends of bones Purpose: reduce friction b/w bones/acts as a shock absorber Does not contain blood vessels or minerals which makes it unable to regenerate

Joints Definition: –Any place where two or more bones come together

Joints Bones at joints are separated by a thin layer of cartilage so that they do not rub against each other as they move Bones are held in place at joints by a tough band of tissue called ligament

Types of Joints Immovable –Skull –Pelvis Moveable –Pivot –Ball & socket –Hinge –Gliding

Immoveable Joints Allow little or no movement. –Examples: Skull, Ribs, pelvis

Types of Joints Ball and Socket Joint Bone with a rounded end that fits into a cuplike cavity on another bone Examples: Hip and Shoulder

Types of Joints Pivot Joint One bone rotates in a ring of another bone that does not move Examples: radius/ulnar joint, cervical joint (cranium on the cervical vertebra)

Types of Joints Hinge Joint Back-and-forth movement like hinges on a door Examples: E lbow, knees, fingers, toes

Type of Joints Gliding Joint One part of a bone slides over another bone Examples: wrists, ankles, between vertebrae

Joint Problems Arthritis- describes 100 different diseases of the joints. –All forms begin with the same symptoms in the joints Pain Swelling Stiffness