© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0— © 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

FWL 1.0—1-2 Module 1 Introduction to Wireless LANs

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-3 Learning Objectives Define and describe WLANs Describe the need and benefits of WLANs. Identify characteristics of Cisco Aironet a products. Identify characteristics of Cisco Aironet b products.

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-4 Overview This module provides an introduction to the rapidly evolving technology of wireless LANs (WLANs). WLANs redefine the way the industry views LANs. Connectivity no longer implies attachment. Wireless networking provides all the features and benefits of traditional LAN technologies without the limitations of wires or cables. The freedom to roam while still maintaining connectivity has helped launch wireless networking to new heights.

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-5 Key terms WLAN Bridging Access Point Bridge Antenna Wi-Fi ™

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-6 Major Factors There are four major factors to consider before implementing a wireless network: High availability Scalability Manageability Open architecture

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-7 Momentum is Building in Wireless LANs Wireless LANs are an “addictive” technology Strong commitment to Wireless LANs by technology heavy-weights –Cisco, IBM, Intel, Microsoft Embedded market is growing –Laptop PC’s with “wireless inside” –PDA’s are next The WLAN market is expanding from Industry-Specific Applications, to Universities, Homes, & Offices Professional installers and technicians will be in demand

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-8 Wireless LANs Are Taking Off ($ Billions) Source: Forward Concepts, 2003 Future Growth Due To: Standards High Bandwidth Needs Low Cost Embedded in Laptops Variety of Devices Voice + Data Multiple Applications Security Issues Solved Ease of Deployment Network Mgmt. Tools Enterprise Adoption Worldwide WLAN Market *includes embedded clients, add-on client cards, & infrastructure equipment for both the business and consumer segments CAGR = 43%

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-9 “Business-Class”vs Consumer WLAN Industry has segmented: consumer vs. business Cisco offers only “business- class” products: Security Upgradeability Network management Advanced features Choice of antennas Highest throughput Scalability

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-10 Benefits of WLANs

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-11 WiFi

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-12 Unlicensed Frequency Bands

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0— GHz Service Wireless Data Networks Local Wide Coverage Area Satellite Data Rates 9.6 Kbps 19.6 Kbps 56 Kbps 1 Mbps 2 Mbps 10 Mbps 50 Mbps Broadband PCS Spread Spectrum Wireless LANs Infrared Wireless LANs Narrow Band Wireless LANs Circuit and Packet Data Cellular, CDPD, Mobitex, DataTac Narrowband PCS

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-14 Wireless Technologies PAN (Personal Area Network) PAN (Personal Area Network) LAN (Local Area Network) LAN (Local Area Network) WAN (Wide Area Network) WAN (Wide Area Network) MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) PAN LAN MAN WAN Bluetooth Peer-to-Peer Device-to-Device Peer-to-Peer Device-to-Device Short <1 Mbps a, 11b, 11g HiperLAN a, 11b, 11g HiperLAN2 Enterprise Networks Medium 2–54+ Mbps MMDS, LMDS MMDS, LMDS Fixed, Last Mile Access Fixed, Last Mile Access Medium–Long 22+ Mbps GSM, GPRS, CDMA, 2.5–3G GSM, GPRS, CDMA, 2.5–3G PDAs, Mobile Phones, Cellular Access PDAs, Mobile Phones, Cellular Access Long 10–384 Kbps Standards Speed Range Applications

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-15 Icons

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-16 Icons

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-17 Icons

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-18 Wireless Technologies

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0— Kbps 900 MHz 1 and 2 Mbps 2.4 GHz Proprietary WLAN Evolution: 2000–Present Warehousing Retail Healthcare Education Businesses Home Ratified a,b Ratified g Drafted and 2 Mbps2.4 GHz11 Mbps 54 Mbps Standards-based 5 GHz Radio Network Speed  IEEE Begins Drafting

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-20 Wi-Fi™ Wi-Fi™ Alliance Wireless Fidelity Alliance 170+ members Over 350 products certified Wi-Fi’s™ Mission Certify interoperability of WLAN products (802.11) Wi-Fi™ is the “stamp of approval” Promote Wi-Fi™ as the global standard

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-21 Components and Topologies

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-22 WLAN Devices In-building Infrastructure 1200 Series (802.11a and b) 1100 Series (802.11b) 350 Series (802.11b) not shown Bridging 350 Series (802.11b) BR350 WGB Series (802.11a)

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-23 WLAN Devices Antenna 2.4GHz 5 GHz Antennas Clients 350 Series (802.11b) 5 GHz client adapter (802.11a) Workgroup bridge (802.11b)

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-24 Cable, Accessories, Wireless IP Phone Cable and Accessories Low Loss Cable Antenna Mounts Lightening Arrestor Wireless IP Phone

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-25 Cisco Aironet b Client Adapters 2.4 GHz b 11 Mbps Include PC Card PCI Card LMC Card Mini PCI

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-26 Cisco Aironet 350 Series Mini PCI Adapter 2.4 GHz/802.11b embedded wireless for notebooks 100 mW transmit power Must order through PC manufactures (not orderable directly through Cisco)

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-27 Cisco Aironet a Client Adapter 5 GHz/802.11a 54 Mbps Rate Shifting 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, or 54 Fixed data rates User configurable option 5 dBi Patch Antenna CardBus interface Transmit power settings: 20 mW, 10 mW, and 5 mW

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0— Series Access Point Dual radio design Field upgradable radio and software –802.11b radio 100 mW radio Built-in RP-TNC connectors for diversity Wide range of Cisco 2.4 GHz antennas offered –802.11a radio Delivers up to 54 Mbps, the next generation of performance Can run in dual mode capacity with the b radio Innovative antenna design to fit deployment needs Enterprise-class management and security

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-29 Cisco Aironet 1100 Series Access Point Single b radio Time-tested technology Supports installed client-base Upgradable Migration path to g for further investment return Scalable Fully functional access point ideal for all enterprise deployments without expensive controllers Affordable Lowest priced upgradable Cisco Aironet access point Enterprise-class features End-to-end intelligent networking and security extended to WLAN

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-30 Enterprise-Class Features on all Cisco Aironet Access Points Cisco IOS (1100 and 1200 Series) End-to-end intelligent network services Familiar service configuration and network behavior VxWorks (350 Series) Easy web-based GUI interface VLANs Network segmentation for flexible policy and service application QoS End-to-end prioritization for applications such as voice and video Proxy Mobile IP Seamless inter-subnet roaming

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-31 Cisco Aironet WLAN Solutions for the Enterprise Cisco Aironet 1100 SeriesCisco Aironet 1200 Series Intelligent Enterprise Services at a Lower Total Cost Outstanding Enterprise Performance and Greatest Flexibility Single b radio (upgradable to g with Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)) Dual-mode a and b support (upgradable to g with Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)) Integrated diversity dipole antennas for simplified deployment Two 2.4 GHz antenna connectors for high gain diversity antennas; integrated 5 GHz antennas Indoor environmental specifications, durable plastic case Industrial environmental specifications, rugged metal case Extra memory and system capacity for future releases Inline and Local Power Cisco IOS-based operating systemCisco IOS operating system QOS, VLANs, and Proxy Mobile IP

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0— Series Workgroup Bridge (WGB) 2.4 GHz/802.11b Supports 8 MAC addresses Acts as client to Cisco Aironet access point or bridge when in access point mode

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0— Series Bridge (WB) Flexibility: 2.4 GHz/ b point-to-point and multi-point Management capabilities: SNMP, Telnet, FTP, HTML 802.1D spanning tree Breadth of product line: 11, 5.5, 2, 1 Mbps Antenna/range options

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-34 Cisco Aironet 1400 Series High Performance Industry leading throughput and range Easy-to-Use Out of the box installation in outdoor environment Flexible Point to point and point to multi-point bridging Multiple mounting and antenna options Secure Enterprise-class security Feature Rich Intelligent Network Services via IOS

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-35 Cisco Aironet Wireless Bridging Solutions Cisco Aironet 350 SeriesCisco Aironet 1400 Series Wireless Bridging at a Lower Total CostWireless Bridging with high performance Single b radio with data rates up to 11 Mbps Single a radio with data rates up to 54 Mbps 3 miles typical point to point range with directional antennas at 11 Mbps 7.5 miles typical point to point range with directional antennas at 54 Mbps Two 2.4 GHz antenna connectors for high gain diversity antennas Single 5.8 GHz integrated patch array antenna or antenna connector for remote antennas Indoor industrial environmental specifications, rugged metal case Outdoor environmental specifications, tested to NEMA 4 Inline and Local PowerInline Power via Power Injector LR VxWorks based operating systemCisco IOS operating system QOS, VLANs, and Proxy Mobile IP Statistics via telnetAntenna Alignment feedback via LEDs and RSSI port and statistics via telnet

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-36 Antennas 2.4 GHz5 GHz Indoor and Outdoor WLAN and Bridging Outdoor Bridging

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-37 Cable and Accessories

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0— Enabled Phones A cordless phone for the workplace Cisco 7920 Wireless VoIP phone

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-39 Beyond Laptops: Other Enabled Devices PDA’s Phones Printers Projectors Tablet PC’s Security Cameras Barcode scanners Custom devices for vertical markets: Healthcare Manufacturing Retail Restaurants HP iPAQ 5450 PDA Compaq Tablet PC HHP Barcode Scanner Epson Printer Sharp M25X Projector SpectraLink Phone

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-40 WLAN Market

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-41 In Building WLAN

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-42 Site to Site WLAN

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-43 WLAN Markets

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-44 Challenges and Issues

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-45 Radio Signal Interference

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-46 Power Consumption

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-47 Interoperability

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-48 Wireless LAN Security: Lessons “War Driving” Hacking into WEP Lessons: Security must be turned on (part of the installation process) Employees will install WLAN equipment on their own (compromises security of your entire network) WEP keys can be easily broken (businesses need better security)

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-49 Reliability and Connectivity

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-50 Installation and Site Design Issues— Bridging

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-51 Installation and Site Design Issues—WLAN

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-52 Health Issues

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-53 IEEE Standards Activities a:5GHz, 54Mbps b:2.4GHz, 11Mbps d:Multiple regulatory domains e:Quality of Service (QoS) f:Inter-Access Point Protocol (IAPP) g:2.4GHz, 54Mbps h:Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) and Transmit Power Control (TPC) i:Security j:Japan 5GHz Channels ( GHz) k:Measurement

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-54 WLAN Speeds & Frequencies g 2.4 GHz – OFDM/CCK 54 Mbps Proprietary  IEEE a/b Ratified a 5 GHz – OFDM 54 Mbps b 2.4 GHz – CCK 11 Mbps Jan’99 Jan’00Jan’01Jan’02Jan’03 Jan’04

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-55 Summary Identify characteristics of Cisco Aironet a products. Identify characteristics of Cisco Aironet b products.

56 © 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.