A Short History of the Internet and Web Frank McCown COMP 250 – Internet Development Harding University.

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Presentation transcript:

A Short History of the Internet and Web Frank McCown COMP 250 – Internet Development Harding University

“God alone knows the future, but only an historian can alter the past.” -Ambrose Bierce

1945 – Vannevar Bush writes about “memex”, a futuristic, automatic, personal library systemmemex 1960s – Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) does research on “internetwork”, connecting small and large networks

1968 – Doug Engelbart demonstrates NLS, a hypertext system that uses a “mouse” 1969 – ARPANET goes online with 4 nodes “The Demo”

1971 – Ray Tomlinson sends first (sent to himself and probably read “QWERTYUIOP”) 1972 – Telnet allows user to login to a remote computer 1973 – FTP (File Transfer Protocol) allows files to be transferred between computers 1981 – ARPANET (Internet) has 200 nodes

1982 – ARPANET standardizes its use of TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol) to send data packets across the network 1984 – Over 1000 nodes on Internet 1986 – Over 10,000 nodes on Internet. Govt splits ARPANET into MILNET (military-only network) and turns over ARPANET to NSF (National Science Foundation).

1988 – Over 100,000 nodes on Internet 1988 – First Internet worm by Robert Tappan Morris crashes 6% of servers on Internet Figure by Roy Brander at

1990 – Tim Berners-Lee and researchers at CERN develop first text-only browser for accessing and viewing remote documents over “the Web”Tim Berners-Lee Images:

1992 – Viola browser. 50 web servers 1993 – 500 web servers Mosaic web browser – 1 st browser to display graphics, written by Marc Andreesen Marc Andreesen Image:

1994 – 2,500 web servers WWW Consortium (W3C) began Netscape 1.0 Yahoo! Web directory started by Jerry Yang and David Filo

1995 – VRML (Virtual Reality Markup Language) released Netscape 2.0 – Supported plug-ins, frames, Java applets, JavaScript Internet Explorer 1.0 released by Microsoft Image:

1996 – Macromedia Flash 1.0 (previously called FutureSplash Animator) 1997 – HTML 4.0 de facto standard Browser Wars I: Netscape vs. IE Image:

1998 – Network Solutions registers 2 millionth domain name Emergence of Google founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin

1999 – Over 5 million domain names Internet growth rate is approximately one computer added per second Internet2 (code name Abilene) debuts 2000 – Napster taken to court over ability to share digital copy of copyrighted music Web size estimates by NEC-RI and Inktomi surpass 1 billion indexable pages. XHTML 1.0 recommended by W3C

2002 – Approximately 45 million web sites Blogs become popular The Political Blogosphere and the 2004 U.S. Election by Adamic & Glance

2003 – ITunes.com and other legal Internet music downloading services appear. ITunes.com registers 25 th million song download in Dec (“Let It Snow! Let It Snow! Let It Snow!” by Frank Sinatra). Image:

2003 – Security problems: 1) SQL Slammer worm - largest and fastest spreading distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks ever 2) Sobig.F virus - the fastest spreading virus ever 3) Blaster (MSBlast) worm – one of the most damaging worms ever

2004 – MySpace and Facebook popularize online social networking

2005 – YouTube founded by three former PayPal employees. Sold to Google for $1.65B in Image:

2006 – Time magazine’s person of the year: You. Acknowledges significance of user generated content (Web 2.0)

2008 – Firefox 3 sets Guinness World Record for the “largest number of software downloads in 24 hours.” (8 million downloads) Image:

2008 – W3C releases First Public Working Draft of HTML5 spec Try out the HTML5 demos!