United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Chemistry and Classes of Fire

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Class Objectives 1.Identify the elements of the fire triangle and fire tetrahedron. 2.Explain the principle of the fire triangle and fire tetrahedron as applied to extinguishing a fire. 3.Identify the characteristics of the four classes of fire and the agents used to extinguish them. 4.Identify procedures to prevent fire. 5.Explain the relationship between teamwork and procedures to prevent fire.

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training The Fire Triangle

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training The Fire Tetrahedron

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training General Principles of Fire Triangle/Tetrahedron X X Remove any one element – Extinguish the fire!

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Methods of Removal Remove Oxygen Fire is smothered through application of: CO 2 Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF)

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Methods of Removal Remove Fuel Prevents additional fuel from contacting fire: Close fuel oil supply lines Jettisoning burning aircraft over side of carrier Move combustible materials to a safe area

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Methods of Removal Remove Heat Lower the temperature of the fire by using: Water AFFF

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Methods of Removal Interrupt Chemical Reaction Interrupt the chemical reaction by using: Halon Potassium Bicarbonate (PKP)

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Classes of Fire Class A Characteristics: Involves solid materials (wood, paper, cloth, etc.) Leaves ashes or embers Identified by white smoke

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Classes of Fire Class A Extinguishing Agents: 1. Water Most common and available agent Extinguishes fire by reducing heat Applied as a: –High Velocity Fog –Solid Stream

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Classes of Fire Class A Extinguishing Agents: 1. CO 2 Smothers the fire by displacing Oxygen Most effective in small confined spaces Does NOT prevent reflash

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Classes of Fire Class B Characteristics: Involves flammable liquids and gasses –Fuel Oil –Kerosene –Liquid Paint Identified by heavy black smoke

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Classes of Fire Class B Extinguishing Agents: 1. AFFF (Aqueous Film Forming Foam) A solution made of seawater and AFFF concentrate Forms a liquid foam blanket and vapor tight seal over a burning liquid Smothers the fire by cutting off the oxygen supply Prevents reflash

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Classes of Fire Class B Extinguishing Agents: 2. Potassium Bicarbonate (PKP) dry foam Extinguishes by interrupting the chemical reaction Most effective on small fires Designed for metallurgical fires Destroys electrical circuitry Does NOT prevent reflash

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Classes of Fire Class B Extinguishing Agents: 3. Water Fog Very effective, but must be applied directly to the area to be cooled Straight stream is ineffective for extinguishing Class B fires

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Classes of Fire Class B Extinguishing Agents: 4. Halon 1301 Colorless, odorless gas Extinguishes fire by interrupting chemical reaction Does NOT prevent reflash

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Classes of Fire Class B Extinguishing Agents: 5. CO 2 Smothers the fire by displacing Oxygen Most effective in small confines spaces Does NOT prevent reflash

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Classes of Fire Class B Extinguishing Agents: 6. APC (Aqueous Potassium Carbonate) Used in the ship’s galley to extinguish burning cooking oil and grease A soap like solution Smothers the fire Prevents reflash Picture illustrates what happens when a standard fire extinguisher is used on a grease fire.

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Classes of Fire Class C Characteristics: Involves electrical equipment Electrical power should be secured before attacking fire Identified by blue smoke, arcs, and sparks.

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Classes of Fire Class C Extinguishing Agents: 1.CO 2 2.Water Fog 3.PKP Use only as a last resort Will completely damage electrical equipment because of corrosion

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Classes of Fire Class D Characteristics: Involves combustible metals and hazardous materials Magnesium (aircraft landing gear, wheels, & engine parts) Flares Titanium (aircraft engine parts and fire walls) Sodium

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Classes of Fire Class D Extinguishing Agents: 1.Jettison 2.Low Velocity Water Fog NEVER use a solid stream of water of a Class D fire Burning magnesium will break down a solid stream of water into hydrogen and oxygen and cause an explosion!

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Fire Prevention 1.Keep working and living area clean. 2.Keep electrical appliances in good working order – and don’t overload outlets. 3.Safeguard all flammable products.

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Summary & Review Fire Triangle HEAT OXYGEN FUEL Fire Tetrahedron Chemical Reaction X X

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Burning Wood, Cloth, or Paper A Burning Fuel, Oil, or Kerosene B Electrical Fire Burning Metal or Hazardous Material CD Summary & Review

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Summary & Review Extinguishing a CLASS A Fire WATERCO 2

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Summary & Review Extinguishing a CLASS B Fire AFFF PKP Water Halon CO2 APC

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Summary & Review Extinguishing a CLASS C Fire WATER FOGCO 2 PKP

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Summary & Review Extinguishing a CLASS D Fire JETTISONLOW VELOCITY FOG

United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps Region 7-1 – Recruit Training Questions?