Section 2-2 Measuring Earthquakes Andrea Gonzalez Isabella Alexander Sylvia Silva Alondra Rodriguez 12/10/07

Focus The point beneath Earth’s surface were rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake.

Epicenter The point on Earth’s surface directly above an Earthquakes surface.

Seismic Waves A vibration that is released during an earthquake.

Primary Waves A type of seismic wave that moves like an accordion.

Secondary waves A type of seismic wave that moves the ground up and down or side to side.

Surface Waves A type of seismic wave formed by S & P waves when they reach the surface

Seismograph A device that records vibrations on Earth’s surface

Magnitude Measurement of an earthquake’s strength based on seismic waves & movement near fault

Mercalli Scale Scale that rates earthquakes according to their intensity & how much damage they cause

Richter Scale A scale that rates seismic waves measured by a particular type of seismograph

Moment Magnitude Scale A scale that rates earthquakes by estimating the total energy released by an earthquake

Seismic waves As seismic waves travel through Earth,they carry the energy of an earthquake from the focus to the surface.

Detecting Seismic Waves Earthquakes produce two types of seismic waves p waves and s waves that travel out in all direction from the focus of an earthquake.

Measuring Earthquakes Today the moments magnitude scale is used to determine the magnitude of an earthquake . Other scales that geologists have used to rate earthquakes include the Mercalli scale and the Richter scale. Earthquakes produce two types of seismic waves, P & S waves, that travel out all directions from the focus of an earthquake

We Learned We learned that there are three different type of seismic waves,P waves,S waves,and Surface waves. We also learned that surface waves produce the most severe ground movements. Also we learned the focus and the epicenter run in a straight line. Finally we learned that there are three different types of seismographs Moment magnitude,Richter ,and Merrcali Scale.

Grade Rubric for Andrea Gonzalez Presentation has title, mentions member’s names, and includes a complete date. Topic slides are well thought out, informative, full of details, and demonstrate a deep understanding of the subject. Presentation is very creative, animated, and uses many of the formatting techniques learned in class. Student helped gather the information, cooperated with the formatting, and helped the group stay focused by avoiding off-task behavior. TOTAL: 3 3 20 20 10 10 7 7 40 40 Science

Grade Rubric for Isabella Alexander Presentation has title, mentions member’s names, and includes a complete date. Topic slides are well thought out, informative, full of details, and demonstrate a deep understanding of the subject. Presentation is very creative, animated, and uses many of the formatting techniques learned in class. Student helped gather the information, cooperated with the formatting, and helped the group stay focused by avoiding off-task behavior. TOTAL: 3 3 20 20 10 10 7 7 40 40 Science

Grade Rubric for Sylvia Silva Presentation has title, mentions member’s names, and includes a complete date. Topic slides are well thought out, informative, full of details, and demonstrate a deep understanding of the subject. Presentation is very creative, animated, and uses many of the formatting techniques learned in class. Student helped gather the information, cooperated with the formatting, and helped the group stay focused by avoiding off-task behavior. TOTAL: 3 3 20 20 10 10 7 7 40 40 Science

Grade Rubric for Alondra Rodriguez Presentation has title, mentions member’s names, and includes a complete date. Topic slides are well thought out, informative, full of details, and demonstrate a deep understanding of the subject. Presentation is very creative, animated, and uses many of the formatting techniques learned in class. Student helped gather the information, cooperated with the formatting, and helped the group stay focused by avoiding off-task behavior. TOTAL: 3 3 20 20 10 10 7 7 40 40 Science

Teacher Notes Excellent use of pictures to support your vocabulary definitions Nice summaries of main ideas Some spelling and grammatical errors Great details of what you learned from this project Science