Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Chapter 6 Finding the Evidence: Informational Sources, Search Strategies, and Critical.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Conducting Research Investigating Your Topic Copyright 2012, Lisa McNeilley.
Advertisements

Non-Academic References
Critical Reading Strategies: Overview of Research Process
Critical Reading Strategies: Overview of Research Process
Business Research BUS020N532Y
How to Read a Scientific Research Paper : an overview Asst.Prof.K.Chinnasarn, Ph.D.
Understanding Research Articles Microbiology Laboratory.
Disasters and Human Factors Literature Nestor L Osorio Northern Illinois University.
Researching Book Reviews. What is a Scholarly Book Review? A scholarly book review is a critical assessment of a book.
Research Methods for Business Students
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings. The Literature of Health Education Chapter 9.
Literature Review Week 3 Lecture 1. School of Information Technologies Faculty of Science, College of Sciences and Technology The University of Sydney.
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Statistical Methods for Health Care Research Chapter 1 Using Research and Statistics.
By Kousar Taj A Seminar Paper on LITERATURE REVIEW.
Research Methods School of Economic Information Engineering Dr. Xu Yun Office : Phone : :
Secondary Literature Review Workshop
IL Step 1: Sources of Information Information Literacy 1.
Literature Review Evaluating Existing Research
CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE
How to Write a Critical Review of Research Articles
Anatomy of an Article P152 Week 4. Three types of articles Reports of empirical studies Literature reviews/meta-analyses –Statistical reviewing procedure.
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Locating and Reviewing Related Literature Chapter 3 This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright.
CHAPTER 15, READING AND WRITING SOCIAL RESEARCH. Chapter Outline  Reading Social Research  Using the Internet Wisely  Writing Social Research  The.
Chapter 3 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Locating and Reviewing Related Literature This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright.
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Chapter 8 Qualitative Inquiry.
© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Review of Literature Chapter Five.
Review of Literature Announcement: Today’s class location has been rescheduled to TEC 112 Next Week: Bring four questions (15 copies) to share with your.
University of Antwerp Library TEW & HI UA library offers... books, journals, internet catalogue -UA catalogue, e-info catalogue databases -e.g.
Librarian pre-selected a variety of scholarly and popular journal articles.
Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Chapter 8 Planning a Nursing Study.
Chapter 5 Literature Reviews: Finding and Critiquing Evidence
Finding and Evaluating Sources.  Online Catalog: Search ALL the resources of the library; access through library computers or remotely through Internet.
Overview of Chapter The issues of evidence-based medicine reflect the question of how to apply clinical research literature: Why do disease and injury.
 Remember, it is important that you should not believe everything you read.  Moreover, you should be able to reject or accept information based on the.
Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Application, 9 th edition. Gay, Mills, & Airasian © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Module 5 Literature Review
Literature Reviews: the Hows, Whys and Wherefores GEO 518 Anne Nolin and Dawn Wright.
How to Prepare an Annotated Bibliography
Dr Jamal Roudaki Faculty of Commerce Lincoln University New Zealand.
Planning an Applied Research Project Chapter 3 – Conducting a Literature Review © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Intro to Critiquing Research Your tutorial task is for you to critique several articles so that you develop skills for your Assignment.
Project Thesis 2006 Adapted from Flor Siperstein Lecture 2004 Class CLASS Project Thesis (Fundamental Research Tools)
Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Chapter 5 Finding and Critiquing Evidence: Research Literature Reviews.
 An article review is written for an audience who is knowledgeable in the subject matter instead of a general audience  When writing an article review,
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Chapter 21 Evidence in Learning and Teaching.
METHODS IN BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH NINTH EDITION PAUL C. COZBY Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Research Methods School of Economic Information Engineering Dr. Xu Yun :
Evidence Based Practice Lecture-6 Forms of evidence Identifying different sources of Evidence How to evaluate a web page Ways of Searching for evidence.
INFO 4990: Information Technology Research Methods Guide to the Research Literature Lecture by A. Fekete (based in part on materials by J. Davis and others)
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Chapter 18 Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Leacock, Warrican & Rose (2009) Reviewing Literature Presentation 4.
Writing Literature Reviews Surveying the literature is necessary because scholarship is cumulative -- no matter what you write, you are standing on someone.
Handbook for Health Care Research, Second Edition Chapter 6 © 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC CHAPTER 6 Reviewing the Literature.
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Chapter 1 Research: An Overview.
CHAPTER 2 LITERATION REVIEW 1-1. LEARNING OUTCOMES 1.The reasons for a literature review being an essential part of every project. 2.The purpose of a.
Developing Smart objectives and literature review Zia-Ul-Ain Sabiha.
Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Chapter 28: Disseminating Evidence: Reporting Research Findings.
© 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 6 Finding Information.
Review of literature S. Balakrishnan. What is literature review? The terms literature search, literature review and literature survey are one and the.
RESEARCH METHODS Lecture 8. REVIEW OF LITERATURE.
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Chapter 47 Critiquing Assessments.
Understanding and Critically Appraising the Literature Review
Understanding and Critically Appraising the Literature Review
Review of Related Literature
Critical / Academic Reading
Second Edition Chapter 3 Critically reviewing the literature
Experimental Psychology PSY 433
CMNS 110: Term paper research
RESEARCH METHODS Lecture 8
Presentation transcript:

Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Chapter 6 Finding the Evidence: Informational Sources, Search Strategies, and Critical Appraisal

Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Chapter Overview Be familiar with how and where to find “evidence” in various informational sources. Evidence can be used to corroborate or contradict previous research findings. Discuss the hierarchy of evidence in terms of its presentation/publication (prestige or importance of a refereed scientific journal in its field). Concept of the Invisible Web. Use of Boolean logic as your search strategy. How to critically review and appraise scientific literature as evidence. Various factors influence and determine the quality of informational sources. Benefits and limitations of the journal impact factor.

Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Informational Sources and the Reference Librarian A reference librarian helps point you towards your most likely resources, but he or she will not necessarily be able to answer your research question(s). The goals of the reference librarian: to help you find suitable informational sources and to provide guidance and instruction for using effective search strategies. Although the research librarian is there to help you, they do not represent the culmination of your search.

Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Electronic Sources and Databases Information from Web sites and non-refereed documents is questionable in terms of the accuracy and reliability of content. Peer-reviewed journal articles from databases can usually be trusted to be credible and valid. Journal databases are generally inaccessible to search engine indexes. The inaccessible areas are called the Invisible Web. Databases are electronic libraries of indexed journals, books, and non-journal bibliographic literature that are overseen, managed, and updated on a regular basis. Refereed journals publish articles that have undergone peer-review prior to acceptance for publication The peer-review process is one by which a panel of experts judges the content and correctness of one’s work before accepting a research document for journal publication.

Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Search Strategies Search results are only as good as the search strategies employed. Planned investigation begins with the understanding that searching and reviewing the literature is a purposeful and sometimes tiresome process. Consider using Boolean logic as part of your search strategy. –Boolean searching is based on the logical relationships among search terms. The operator terms (OR, AND, NOT) are used to combine search terms to create a different set of search directions for the computer to follow.

Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Critical Review and Appraisal Sort out and organize search results/ “evidence” as it accumulates. This involves determining the relevance and readability of the literature and the quality and importance of the source. General appraisal should precede critical appraisal. Appraisal refers to judgments about the relevance and readability of the evidence. During preliminary evaluation, the suitability of a paper is determined by a quick read of the abstract. The paper is also scanned for appropriateness of content, comparable context, date of publication, high regard of authors, reputation of the journal, and references. Critical review is the structured reading, undertaken to answer questions, identify key points, and recognize significance.

Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Following Critical Review and Appraisal 1.Read the entire paper to get a sense of the “big picture,” and identify any unfamiliar terminology or phrases. 2. Read one section at a time for comprehension. When you can make out the purpose, the independent and dependent variables of interest, the methods, and the results of the study, then you have finished reading the paper.

Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Questions to Help You Locate information in a Paper Topic: What was the article about? What was the issue or research problem in the article? Purpose: In your own words, why was the study or experiment done? Methods and procedures: What was being measured in the study, and how was it tested? Results: What were the statistical findings from the study or experiment? If something of interest was measured, what was the outcome? How did one variable influence or change another? Conclusions: In your own words, what was the “take-home message” of the article? Theoretical significance: Why did you choose this particular article? What did you learn from the article, and how does it connect to the theories and research perspectives in other works? Critical appraisal: Objectively review and comment on the methodology of the study.

Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Quality of Informational Sources In an evidence-based context, the quality of an informational source as evidence is associated with the ranking or hierarchy of the evidence. Know the expectations regarding the quality of informational sources prior to initiating search strategies. Confirm quality requirements before finalizing critical review and appraisal. Differences in research methods and data analysis influence the quality or strength of evidence.

Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Impact Factor Journal impact factor (JIF) is widely considered a determinant of journal status associated with Journal Citation Reports. Impact factor is a mathematical rating system based on the numbers of journal citations and article publications within a two-year time frame. The quality of the peer-review process is not an extension of the journal impact factor. Controversy can exist regarding journals with high impact factors that are regularly assumed to be more prestigious, but for which the accuracy of these assumptions is questionable.

Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Impact Factor Limitations The metric comparison used does not tell us anything about the reputation of the peer-review process for scientific literature. As a result, there have been questions of validity and misuse. Rankings are limited by the fact that frequency in citation and publication do not necessarily equate to scientific expertise, quality of scholarship, or an active research agenda. Depending upon the mass of the scientific discipline and the extensiveness of the circulation of the journal, the journal impact factor ranking could be skewed. Human judgment is the greatest limitation of the journal impact factor. This results in the debate over journal popularity versus journal influence and importance.

Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Chapter Summary and Key Points Learning to decipher how the evidence fits together requires patience, prudence, intellectual curiosity, and a willingness to look beyond the obvious. There are no shortcuts to finding the evidence. Evidence is evaluated based on a hierarchy. The peer-review process is one by which a panel of experts judges the content and correctness of one’s work before accepting a research document for journal publication. The abstract is an abbreviated summation of the main points of importance from the paper. It provides a synopsis of the article by stating the purpose, methods, results, and a list of key terms. Journal impact factor (JIF) is widely considered a determinant of journal status associated with Journal Citation Reports.