Atmosphere 7 th Period

The composition of the earth’s atmosphere  78% of the earth’s atmosphere is made up of Nitrogen, which enters the atmosphere when there are volcanoes and when dead plants and animals decay.  Oxygen makes up 21% of the earth’s atmosphere. Most oxygen in the atmosphere comes from plants. Claire Reynolds

Continued…  Other gases in the atmosphere include argon, carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor and they only make up 1% of the earth’s atmosphere. Claire Reynolds

Continued…  The atmosphere also contains a lot of small solid particles, or atmospheric dust. Atmospheric dust is primarily made up of salt, ash from fires, volcanic ash, particulate matter from combustion, skin hair, bits of clothing, pollen, bacteria and viruses, and tiny, liquid droplets called aerosols. Claire Reynolds

Aerosols Tiny droplets in the atmosphere Some occur naturally and some are generated by human activities Most man-made aerosols come from industrial sites, slash-and-burn agricultural places, and overgrazed grasslands Aerosols have a cooling effect They are believed to indirectly affect climate Abril Garcia

Atmosphere layers Brought to you by: Jeffery Doubt

The Layers Of The Atmosphere Troposphere And Stratosphere Mesosphere And Thermosphere Ionosphere And Exosphere The Troposphere is the first layer and contains more than half of the atmosphere The stratosphere is the second layer and 90% of the ozone is found in this layer The Mesosphere is the third layer and the air temp. decreases with the altitude, the altitude’s coldest point is around - 90 degrees The Thermosphere is the fourth layer and almost has the thinnest air, and the smallest change can cause the biggest change in temp. The Ionosphere is the fifth layer, but it is really not considered a layer because it only makes up 0.1% of the atmosphere The Exosphere is the largest layer and the atmospheric compounds are very populated in this layer, it also has the thinnest layer of air and most of the molecules and pollutants are distributed upon this area.

Kaitlin Harlow The Three Mechanisms of heat in the Earth’s Atmosphere 1. Radiation 1. Radiation 2. Conduction 2. Conduction 3. Convection 3. Convection

Kaitlin Harlow Definition of the Mechanisms “Radiation-the transfer of energy across space and in the atmosphere. ” Radiation heat examples: A camp fire, a light bulb, and a microwave oven “Radiation-the transfer of energy across space and in the atmosphere. ” Radiation heat examples: A camp fire, a light bulb, and a microwave oven “Conduction- the flow of heat from a warmer object to a colder object when the objects are placed in direct physical contact.” Good conductors examples: Copper, Iron, Steel, and Silver “Conduction- the flow of heat from a warmer object to a colder object when the objects are placed in direct physical contact.” Good conductors examples: Copper, Iron, Steel, and Silver “Convection- the transfer of heat by air currents.” Convection examples: A hot air balloon and wind currents “Convection- the transfer of heat by air currents.” Convection examples: A hot air balloon and wind currents

Energy in the Atmosphere Some of the energy radiated from the Sun goes through Earth’s atmosphere and is distributed through its surface Later, warmth from the Earth’s surface makes air ascend Once it cools it descends. This process is called convection Convection dominates the production of snow, rain, thunderstorms, hurricanes, Abril Garcia

Greenhouse Gases Definition: A gas composed of molecules that absorb and radiate infrared radiation from the sun. Hayden

GasAlt. NameFormula1998 levelInc. Since 1750 Specific Heat at STP Carbon Dioxide Carbonic anhydride (CO 2 ) 365ppm87ppm Carbon Monoxide Carbonic Oxide (CO) 11.1ppm 46ppb MethaneMarsh gas (CH 4 ) 1,745ppb1,045ppb Nitrous Oxide Laughing gas (N 2 O) 314ppb 44ppb.88

Greenhouse Effect Definition: The warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of Earth that occurs when carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases in the air absorb and reradiate infrared radiation. Hayden