Unit 9: World War I (1914-1918 Georgia Performance Standards SS8H7: The student will evaluate key political, social, and economic changes that occurred in Georgia between 1877-1919. d. Give reasons for World War I and describe Georgia’s contributions

Warm-up for March 12, 2012 Writing Prompt Topic: What do you think is the difference between a “war” and a “world war”?

Unit 9 Vocabulary Organizer Name____________________ Date_____________________ Class Period______ Vocabulary Term Definition Fact, Example, or Clue Allied Powers p. 352 Central Powers p. 352 Imperialism p. 351 Nationalism p. 351 Militarism p. 352 Woodrow Wilson p. 352 Selective Service Act p. 353 Prohibition p. 358 Nineteenth Amendment p. 358 Boll Weevil p. 364 Kaolin p. 363 Great Depression p. 372 Eugene Talmadge p. 378 New Deal p. 377

Warm-up for March 13, 2012 World War I 1914-1918

Writing Prompt Topic Find a partner and answer the following questions: Explain your understanding of the word alliance. Discuss a time in your life when an alliance with a friend, family member, or someone else has caused problems. Be ready to share your answers will the class!

Causes of World War I Militarism – building up armed forces, getting ready for war Alliances – agreements or promises to defend and help another country Imperialism – trying to build up an empire (powerful country that controls several less powerful countries Nationalism – having pride in your country, willing to defend it

Militarism There was competition over land in Europe. Armies and navies were greatly expanded. The standing armies of France and Germany doubled in size between 1870 and 1914. Naval expansion was also extremely competitive, particularly between Germany and Great Britain. Russia wanted to expand its land and gain access to warm water ports. These ports would give the Russian navy the Mediterranean Sea. Germany began a military buildup and increased its navy.

Alliance An agreement among people or nations to unite for a common cause. Each member of an alliance agrees to help the other members in case one is attacked.

Imperialism Great Britain, Germany and France needed foreign markets after the increase in manufacturing caused by the Industrial Revolution. These countries competed for economic expansion in Africa. Although Britain and France resolved their differences in Africa, several crises foreshadowing the war involved the clash of Germany against Britain and France in North Africa.

Nationalism Pride in one’s country; nations sought their own interests over others. In the 19th century, nationalism took the form of people struggling for independence. Serbia was at the center of the nationalist movement in an area of Europe known as the Balkans What happened in the Balkans was a spark that started the war. Serbia considered Austria-Hungary as an enemy because Serbs in Austria-Hungary wanted to unite with Serbia and create a larger Serbian state.

The events that followed… Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia Because of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on June of 1914 by a member of a nationalistic secret Serbian society, the emperor of Austria-Hungary declared war of Serbia.

The events that followed… Russia sent troops to defend Serbia Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia Russia sent troops to defend Serbia because Russia had a separate treaty with Serbia. Russia supported Serbia because they were both of a similar ethnic backgrounds.

The events that followed… Germany declared war on Russia Russia sent troops to defend Serbia Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia Since Germany had a treaty with Austria-Hungary (the Central Powers A.K.A. Triple Alliance), Germany declared war on Russia.

The events that followed… And so the war begins! Germany declared war on France Germany declared war on Russia Russia sent troops to defend Serbia Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia

Things changed during the war The Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente turned into these two WWI alliances. The Central powers Austria-Hungary Germany Turkey (Ottoman Empire) The Allied Powers Russia France United Kingdom Italy United States The Triple Alliance plus more formed the Center Powers The Triple Entente plus more formed the Allied Powers

Some of the Technological Advances and Strategies from WWI Tank Airplanes Machine Gun Gas used as a weapon Flamethrower Trench Warfare

Homework questions due tomorrow! 1. How did civilians (non-military people) contribute to the war effort? Give specific examples. 2. What were the 4 main reasons for WWI? 3. What was President Wilson’s position on WWI when it started? 4. How did women support the war? 5. How did Georgia contribute to WWI?

America’s Position in WWI At the beginning of WWI, the U.S. did NOT want to go to war. President Woodrow Wilson promised to keep U.S. neutral and out of the war. Why was U.S. drawn into the war? Telegram from Germany to Mexico (think about video yesterday) German U-boats (submarines) sank British ship with 128 Americans on board German U-boats (submarines) started to sink cargo ships. This angered Americans. Some politicians disagreed with entering the war (Tom Watson).

America’s Efforts in WWI Selective Service Act- U.S. law requiring all men 21-31 yrs. old to register with the government. This was used to select men to go to war (the draft). U.S. troops arrived in Europe in June 1917. More than 100,000 Georgians served in WWI from 1917-1918.   The need for war supplies and materials improved Georgia’s/U.S.A’s economy: coal, iron, steel, wagons, timber, cotton, uniforms, food, etc… Americans bought bonds to help pay for war.

How women helped in WWI: Women worked in the Red Cross to help soldiers. Women sewed clothing/uniforms for soldiers. Women collected food/scrap metal to donate to military.

Effects of WWI When did WWI end? November 1918 (It lasted for 4 years.) Congress passed laws prohibiting anyone to talk against the president, the war, the draft, and the flag. Free speech was restricted because people were afraid for the nation’s security. About 16 million people died in WWI. More than 100,000 Americans died.  

World War I video clip http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=A1EDA1F3-8DB3-414D-ACC3-5D3B3BE753E4&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US (6 minutes and 21 seconds) List 5 facts from the video. Use the same paper as your homework questions.

Leaders come together to decide the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. The War is Over! Leaders come together to decide the terms of the Treaty of Versailles.