Communist China SS7H3d Describe the impact of Communism in China in terms of Mao Zedong, the Great Leap Forward, the Cultural Revolution, and Tiananmen Square.

China Chiang Kai-shekCommunismMao Zedong Leader of the Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT) in the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s Attempted to wipe out the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1934 Improved transportation, education, and industry, but failed to improve the lives of peasants in China… this led to the resurgence of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) An economic and political system in which property is owned collectively and labor is organized in a way that is supposed to benefit all people; the government controls all resources (natural, capital, and human) Established China as a communist state in Was part of the CCP Attempted to strengthen China economically by instituting the Great Leap forward in 1958 His programs backfired and production in farms and factories actually decreased 20 million Chinese starved to death as a result

Long March Summary to read: “In October 1934, during a civil war, embattled Chinese Communists broke through Nationalist enemy lines and began an epic flight from their encircled headquarters in southwest China. Known as the Long March, the trek lasted a year and covered some 4,000 miles (or more, by some estimates). The Long March marked the emergence of Mao Zedong ( ) as the undisputed leader of the Chinese Communists.” Notes: Mao Zedong’s Red Army (CCP) marched over 4,000 miles through swampland and over mountains to escape Chiang Kai-shek’s Nationalist (KMT) forces; Less than 20,000 of the 100, 000 that started the journey survived; the communists gained peasant support along the way

Communist Revolution Chiang Kai-shek joined forces with Mao Zedong and the Chinese Communist Party following the Japanese invasion of China at the start of World War II When World War II ended the two sides turned on each other again Communists (CCP) defeated the Nationalists (KMT) in 1949 and Mao declared China a Communist state called the People’s Republic of China; Chiang Kai-shek and the Nationalists fled to what is now Taiwan

The Long March Diary Entry

Mao’s Policies Great Leap ForwardCultural Revolution Series of policies that Mao Zedong thought would help China to become equal to the West in agricultural and industrial production Established “Collectives”: government- owned farms that employed large numbers of workers Shattered China’s economy; poor agricultural production, droughts, and floods caused famine and 20 million Chinese starved in less than 2 years Mao Zedong launched programs to wipe out past culture and history as well as foreign influence Red Guards - high school students were encouraged to form groups called Red Guards-these groups had the government’s permission to smash books, artwork, religious temples, or anything else that showed connections to China’s past

Mao Dies 1980 Deng Xiaoping was named the leader of China He had been with Mao since the Long March but was more moderate Began to allow farmers to own some of their own land Allowed some private business to organize Opened China to foreign investment and technological advances

Document #1 Mao Visiting a Collective

Document #2 People living in a collective