Mr. Kuzmich IB Global Studies

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Presentation transcript:

Mr. Kuzmich IB Global Studies Communism in Crisis: 1976 - 1989 Mr. Kuzmich IB Global Studies

China after Mao Zedong The struggle for power following Mao’s death Hua Guofeng Re-emergence of Deng Xiaoping Defeat of the Gang of Four

Who greeted President Nixon in China?

Zhou Enlai Passes Away January 1976

The struggle for power following Mao’s death Mao passed away on September 9, 1976 Power struggle for control of China

The struggle for power following Mao’s death Left – Gang of Four - militant Continue policy of revolutionary mass mobilization Jiang Qing, Yao Wenyuan, Zhang Chunqiao, and Wang Hongwen Chen Boda and Lin Biao - associates

Gang of Four

The struggle for power following Mao’s death Reformers - Pragmatists Led by Deng Xiaoping wanted to overhaul the Chinese economy based on market-oriented policies and to de-emphasize the role of Maoist ideology in determining economic and political policy.

Deng Xioaping

The struggle for power following Mao’s death Center-right wing (restorationists) Hua Guofeng Opposed the policies of revolutionary mass mobilization Return to centralized planning based on the Soviet model

Hua Guofeng Credited for quickly ousting the Gang of Four Emergence marked the end of the Cultural Revolution Denounced for promoting the Two Whatevers policy "We will resolutely uphold whatever policy decisions Chairman Mao made, and unswervingly follow whatever instructions Chairman Mao gave"

Defeat of the Gang of Four The "Gang" had arranged for Deng Xiaoping's purge in April 1976 Hua won the Army to his side Blamed the Gang of Four for the excesses of the Cultural Revolution and had them arrested Put on a “show trial” in 1981 and imprisoned

Gang of Four Trial - 1981

New Politburo - 1977 “Unity, stability, and cooperation” Chairman Hua – supported by nine members Rehabilitated Deng Xiaoping – supported by nine members General Ye Jianying – supported by three members

Two Whatevers Policy “We will resolutely uphold whatever policy decisions Chairman Mao made, and unswervingly follow whatever instructions Chairman Mao gave.”

Re-emergence of Deng Xiaoping Gradually gained control of the CCP Unimportance of official titles Political leaders who lost a power struggle would not be physically harmed or jailed

Zhao Ziyang and Hu Yaobang

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