Today we will identify key details on American Isolationism & geography plain the role played in the development of military strategies an weaponry in WWII

Agenda Isolationism vs. Neutrality Dr. Seuss Technology & Scientific advancements of WWII

Do Now: In your own words, define isolation and neutral. Objectives: Students will be able to... identify key details from images on American Isolationism define Isolationism and Neutrality speak and listen within a small group setting. 

Isolationism vs. Neutrality? What do they mean? What’s the difference?

American Neutrality Sacrifice of WWI seemed pointless with rise of Dictators… Americans began to support Isolationism

Senator Gerald P. Nye [R-ND] Nye Committee Isolationists got stronger in 1930s Committee investigated if America was ‘tricked’ into joining the war…Tricked by who? European countries refused to pay back debts Made isolationism stronger. Senator Gerald P. Nye [R-ND]

Legislating Neutrality Neutrality Act of 1935 – Made it illegal to sell arms to any country in war Spanish Civil War – America had to stay neutral Anti-Comintern Pact – Japan, Germany, Italy become AXIS POWERS Neutrality Act of 1937 – Warring countries could buy nonmilitary stuff on “cash and carry” basis (Think WWI)

FDR and Internationlism FDR wasn’t isolationist Internationalism – Idea that trade between countries creates prosperity and helps prevent war Loophole in the Neutrality Act (China vs. Japan)

Neutrality Acts: 1935, 1936, 1937 When the President proclaimed the existence of a foreign war, certain restrictions would automatically go into effect: Prohibited sales of arms to belligerent nations. Prohibited loans and credits to belligerent nations. Forbade Americans to travel on vessels of nations at war [in contrast to WW I]. Non-military goods must be purchased on a “cash-and-carry” basis  pay when goods are picked up. Banned involvement in the Spanish Civil War. This limited the options of the President in a crisis. America in the 1930s declined to build up its forces!

1939 Neutrality Act In response to Germany’s invasion of Poland. FDR persuades Congress in special session to allow the US to aid European democracies in a limited way: The US could sell weapons to the European democracies on a “cash-and-carry” basis. FDR was authorized to proclaim danger zones which US ships and citizens could not enter. Results of the 1939 Neutrality Act: Aggressors could not send ships to buy US munitions. The US economy improved as European demands for war goods helped bring the country out of the 1937-38 recession. America becomes the “Arsenal of Democracy.”

Lend-Lease Act the Lend-Lease Act was the principal means for providing U.S. military aid to foreign nations during World War II. This act permitted Britain to obtain all U.S. arms it needed on credit; FDR said it would be like lending a neighbor a garden hose to put out a fire.

“Lend-Lease” Act (1941) Great Britain.........................$31 billion Soviet Union...........................$11 billion France......................................$ 3 billion China.......................................$1.5 billion Other European.................$500 million South America...................$400 million The amount totaled: $48,601,365,000

Freedom from Fear “When an epidemic of physical disease starts to spread, the community . . . joins in a quarantine of the patients in order to protect the health of the com- munity against the spread of the disease. . . . War is a contagion, whether it be declared or undeclared. . . . There is no escape through mere isolation or neutrality. . . . “ Analyze this quote FDR believed that the U.S. must stand behind those nations that were committed to freedom of speech, freedom, or religion, and freedom from want, and freedom from fear

Dr. Seuss Political Cartoons Look through the PowerPoint, and download the Dr. Seuss comic collection. Write down major details and summarize each cartoon. Then, write 3-4 sentences on whether you think Dr. Seuss agreed with US neutrality or was making fun of/criticizing it.  Think-Pair-Share- compare your answers with your neighbors

Its effects on the Home Front Science, Technology & Economics WWII Its effects on the Home Front Science, Technology & Economics

Before WWII President FDR planned ahead. Even though we were not at war, he increased production of war supplies for the US military and our Allies.

What Supplies did we Need? Our nation and our allies needed Ships Airplanes Ammunition

How did this Effect Industry? Most industrial plants were affected. They were changed over to ones that produced military supplies for war. (Tank Factory)

What Other Industries were Affected The farming industry had great demands placed upon them. They had to provide for the US citizens They also had to provide for the Allies.

How Much were we Really Producing? By 1932 The US was producing As many wartime products As Germany, Italy and Japan combined!!!!

By 1944…… The US was producing TWICE as much as the Axis Powers!

What were we making? THOUSANDS OF…. Planes Armored Cars Tanks Artillery and Millions of rounds of Ammunition

Was this good for America’s economy? All of the production cause jobs! Americans were back to work! The depression was ending!

Results…. Our economy was on the rise! But what about Science and Technology?

WWII Technology WWII required that we become more technologically advanced

What did we improve? Radar Sonar Devices and Rocket Weapons

Were other countries also working on technology? Albert Einstein, a Jewish Refugee Informed FDR that Nazi Scientists were building atomic weapons!!!! http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/archives/pdfs/docsworldwar.pdf

The Manhattan Project Was a secret mission. The US developed the Atomic bomb

The Manhattan Project “In just 27 months, America accomplished what other nations thought impossible. How did the United States achieve this remarkable feat when Germany, Italy and Japan failed? To Bulgarian-born journalist Stephane Groueff, the Manhattan Project was an outstanding example of the "American way": a combination of creativity, courage to try unorthodox approaches, and a relentless determination to succeed. “

What were some other advances in Technology & Science? Space Technology grew. Wanted to stop the V-2 rocket used by Germany (Long range missiles that are launched into space)

Other productions to aid efforts Televisions And computers were being developed to aid the military effort. ENIGMA CIPHER MACHINES (Sent coded messages)

Laboratories were busy…. Making synthetics such as nylon or plastic for military supplies

In the medical field… Penicillin Sulfa New treatments for disease…

Research 3 new wartime inventions to scientific and technological advancements in the civilian world.