Southeastern Cultures Chapter 3:2

Farmers in the Piney Woods Caddos Farmers in the Piney Woods

Caddos Most advanced tribe Farmers, not nomadic Fishermen Pottery Traders: Confederacies

A “confederacy” is a group or association of groups

One leader handled Religious affairs while another leader oversaw matters of War and Peace

Caddo Crops Squash Beans Corn Pumpkins Watermelons Peaches Tobacco

Caddo Trading Salt, pottery, & wooden bows for hides, turquoise, & blankets

Farmers of the Cross Timbers Wichitas Farmers of the Cross Timbers

Wichitas Lived in present-day Dallas area Came from Kansas Farmers and hunters Made clay pots, tools, & leather bags

Wichitas Great hunters Horses important

The Wichitas were often in battle … primarily with the Spanish

Atakapans Lived on the Texas Coast between Galveston Bay and the Sabine River Similar to the Karankawas

The Gulf Culture Gatherers

Scavengers of the South Texas Plains Coahuiltecans Scavengers of the South Texas Plains

Coahuiltecans Very primitive Dry scrub-brush lands of South Texas Nomadic Always in search of food!

Food Sources For Coahuiltecans: Rabbits Wild hogs Snakes Lizards Spiders Worms Termites Ants

Tomahawks Grass Baskets; No Pottery Bows and Arrows Tomahawks Grass Baskets; No Pottery

Shamans “Witch Doctors” with Unusual Healing Power -They Led Religious Ceremonies and Cared for the Sick

Karankawas Cannibals of the Coast

Karankawas Texas coast between Galveston Bay and Corpus Christi Nomadic No fishing hooks – fish traps made of cane stalks Poles and Canoes (hollowed tree trunks)

The Karankawas lived near forests in the Spring and Summer, and moved to the sea in Fall and Winter

Karankawa Food Sources: Fish Porpoises Clams Oysters Seaweed Deer Rabbits

Karankawas wore little clothing; tall and muscular Insect repellant = Alligator fat

Some Believe the Karankawas were Cannibals … Power and strength over enemies, not hunger … - Roasted small bits of flesh