Shipping Agenda –Part 1. Introduction, Nomenclature, Major shipping companies –Part 2. Charter - Voyage, time and others –Part 3. Deck maintenance –Part 4. Engine room and maintenance –Part 5. Communication system and others

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What is Shipping ? Process of Transporting Cargo Transporting may happen through Land/Sea/Air Land Transport: Road/Rail Sea Transport: Ships Air Transport: Airplanes Ships/Trains/Planes/Trucks do not transport cargo, only people do

Why Shipping is needed? Goods Manufactured must be used. Goods maybe manufactured at one location and used at various locations. For a product to be manufactured at one location, raw materials maybe from various locations. Supply Chain must be closed.

Where is Shipping in vogue ? Shipping we will refer now in waterways. Waterways can be Inland and Ocean. Inland waterways are being used by Boats, Small vessels, Small ships etc., Oceanways are being used by Large Vessels

Advantages of Water Transport Effective mode for transporting huge quantity / large volume of cargo. Cost Effective than Air Cargo Wherever Road/Rail transportation is impossible, Water Transport is an economical option. (Between Sea separated Continents)

Disadvantages of Water Transport Very Slow when compared to Air/Road/Rail mode High Risk due to Nature, Sea Piracy Not suitable for Perishable Cargo

Cargo Cargo can be of two types Dry Cargo like Coal, Iron Ore, Cereals etc., Wet Cargo like Petroleum products, chemicals Dry Cargo also comprises of Finished Goods like Automobiles, Manufactured items which can be transported in Containers and also using Boxes, Pallets, Cases etc.,

Types of Vessels COMMERCIAL VESSELS (also known as Merchant Navy or Merchant Marine) Non-COMMERCIAL VESSELS (Essentially Warships, Submarines)

Types of Commercial Vessels CARGO VESSELS PASSENGER VESSELS (Cruise Liners, Ocean Liners, Ferries) FISHING BOATS SPECIAL PURPOSE VESSELS (Pilot boats – used in Harbours/Canals/Causeways/Riverways, Tugboats, Rescue boats, Research vessels, Survey vessels, Icebreakers)

Vessel Classification – based on Specifications Type of engine m.v. (motor vehicle) m.t. (motor turbine) Type of Cargo Dry Cargo  Bulk Carriers & Containers Wet Cargo  Tankers (both liquid & gas)

Vessel 1.Funnel 2.Stern 3.Propeller and Rudder 4.Portside (left) and Starboard (right) 5.Anchor 6.Bulbous bow 7.Bow 8.Deck 9.Superstructure

Key Parts of Vessel Anchor chain Portside (Left side when viewed from rear) Starboard side (Right side) Hull Crane/Grab Lifeboats Gangways

Key Parts of Vessel Main Engine Auxilliary Engine Fresh Water Generator Lube Oil Tank Fuel Tank Diesel Oil Tank

Vessel Movement Vessels movements can be defined as: 1. Heave 2. Sway 3. Surge 4. Yaw 5. Pitching 6. Roll

Vessel Movement 1.Heave 2. Sway 3. Surge 4. Yaw 5. Pitching 6. Roll

Bulk Carriers Bulk Carriers are cargo ships for transporting bulk cargo items like ore, food staples (rice, wheat, grain, etc.,). They have large box-like hatches on its deck, designed to slide outboard for loading.

Tankers Tankers are cargo ships for the transport of fluids, such as Crude Oil, Petroleum, LPG, LNG, Chemicals, Vegetable Oils, Food items. Tanker sector comprises 1/3 rd of World tonnage.

Containers Container Ships are used to transport entire Truck-size Containers. Informally known as “Box Boats”. Goods are simply stacked inside the Containers.

Reefer Ships Reefer Ships are used to transport perishable commodities like Fruits, Meat, Fish, Vegetables, Dairy products, Foodstuffs etc., Reefer Ships have special Temperature- Controlled Cargo area.

Roll-on / Roll-off Ships Roll-on/Roll-off ships are used to transport Automobiles, Trailers, Railway Wagons. These vessels have built-in ramps which allow the wheeled cargo to be efficiently “Rolled-on” and “Rolled-off” the vessel.

Cruise Ships Cruise ships are passenger ships for pleasure voyages. Before the invention of Aircrafts, Sea Transport used to be one of the major mode of transporting people across the seas. Now, Cruising is an important component of Tourism Industry.

Cable-layer ships Cable layer is a deep sea vessel used to lay underwater cables for telecommunications, electricity etc.,

Dredgers Dredgers are used to excavate in shallow seas for the purpose of gathering up bottom sediments and disposing them off at a different location.

Tug boats Tugboats are used to manoeuvre other vessels in harbours, over the open sea or through rivers and canals.

Barge Barge is a flat-bottomed boat, built mainly for river and canal transport of heavy goods. Barges are not self-propelled (by and large) and they need tugboats.