Psychology Press, 2007 Price £15

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Presentation transcript:

Psychology Press, 2007 Price £15

Connecting with other minds The development of a very special human faculty

Definitions and background To predict and explain behaviour by invoking abstract concepts like mind, desire, think, remember etc. Associated abilities Imagination Communication (including deception) Social coordination

Evolutionary origin and species specificity How did it come to be that humans have a theory of mind? The cognitive arms race! The brain that became so powerful that it understood itself. The development of self-concept. Note: natural selection works at the level of the individual. Why don’t rats have a theory of mind? Are we capable of mindreading? Does it qualify as ESP?!

Individual differences and psychopathology Do women have a better-developed theory of mind than men? Is there anyone who does not have a theory of mind? The perplexing case of autism and Asperger syndrome The wild boy of Aveyron Hugh Blair of Borge

Is this a topic that falls within the scope of experimental psychology? How can we tell whether or not someone has a theory of mind? We assume that people carry out actions to satisfy desires. They execute the actions on the supposition that their beliefs are true. What’s wrong with a test of true belief? What’s so good about a test of false belief? Methodological Theoretical

Unexpected transfer test While Maxi is out playing, his Mum takes the chocolate from the cupboard and grates some of it into a cake. Maxi is returning from play feeling hungry. He wants his chocolate. Where will Maxi look for his chocolate? Where did Maxi put his chocolate? Where did Mum put his chocolate?

Deceptive box test Gets round criticisms that children had difficulty with story comprehension What’s inside this tube? What is it? When you first saw this tube, before we opened it, what did you think was inside? (Gopnik & Astington, 1988) What will your friend Johnny say is inside? (Perner et al, 1987)

Do apes have a theory of mind?

Where do they live?

What do they look like?

Psychology Press, 2007 Price £15