URBAN SANITATION AT SCALE: CAN CLTS WORK IN URBAN ENVIRONMENT? Monday, 10th October S amuel Musyoki, Strategic Director of Programs Plan International Kenya

Urban CLTS experiences from Mathare 10 Informal Settlement, Nairobi - Kenya

Nairobi Kenya 4 million people 4 th Largest City in Africa Home to Kibera 2 nd largest Slum in Africa 2.4 million people live in slums- Kibera & Mathare are the largest

SLUMS ARE NOT ABOUT TO GO AWAY!

Mathare 10 Urban CLTS Pilot Project o2007: CLTS started by Plan in Kenya in Rural oUrban CLTS Start date: May –June 2010 oPartnership: Plan, Community Cleaning Services (CCS); o4 villages: Thayu, Mashimoni, Nyangau and Gumba) -population of 15-20,000 oCollaborators: City Council of Nairobi & private sector player

Project Implementation process Community mobilization & hands-on CLTS Training of 30-35; Triggering & citizen action planning; Follow-up; Re-triggering & targeted triggering; Round table sessions with key stakeholders Creating opportunities for solutions- engagement spaces, business, technology

Complexity of Issues

Scope of the Problem & Challenges Poor maintenance of existing Toilets Poor disposal of drained shit water contaminat ion Scarcity of Land Flying Toilets Poor sanitation Infrastructure Poor Governanc e Poor Hygiene practices Poor management of Solid Waste Open Defecation Open Sewer lines Sanitation situation

Achievements

Natural Leaders, institutional champions committed to seeing better sanitation & hygiene; Progress towards ODF & better hygiene & sanitation; Triggering citizen collective action: demand for better sanitation services; Increased demand for cleaning services;

Demand for Quality Community Cleaning Services Before Cleaning After Cleaning

Achievements Demolition of the “helicopter toilets” by the community They realized these are health hazard The demolished so called “Helicopter Toilet” draining into a river

Achievements Private sector response to demand Installation model toilets, at a cost of $200 and $0.03 per use)

Achievements GIS Mapping & Social Media Maps Include OD areas, latrines (functional/non- functional) + helicopter type!, water kiosks (legal and illegal connections, garbage collection points, open and/or clogged drainage systems, schools, health facilities, etc

Achievements Support by key stakeholders (tenants, landlords, leadership, CCN, MOPHS, private sector; Sanitation as an operational targets+ Scale-up of UCLTS demand; Local administration in a stakeholders’ forum on sanitation in Mathare Slums

Challenges Participation during triggering-low turnout as people are busy during the day Low sense of community –cohesion Limited or no space for mapping on the ground- busy and dirty Land tenure –insecurity for investment in private sanitation facilities Weak or lack of good political will Weak coordination, regulation and enforcement of city by-laws

Opportunities New Constitution 2010 –Sanitation as a right; Sanitation in the political agenda elections; Media campaign to profile urban sanitation challenges City Council of Nairobi Rapid Results Initiative – sanitation targets and performance contracts; ICT & Social Media: GIS mapping & blogging; Demand for UCLTS in all Nairobi informal settlements; Urbanization trends- We can’t ignore slums

So does CLTS Work in Urban Environments CLTS in Urban Environments is Possible It is more complex and called for multiplicity of skills and partnerships