FEDERALISM
Federalism What is it? Confederacy v. Unitary v. Federal
Why Federalism? Protecting Liberty Moderate Power of Government Strengthen the Union
Different Powers Enumerated – 17 powers in I, 8 – Art. VI—Supremacy Clause Implied – I, 8 – “Make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers” Reserved – 10 th Amendment
Era 1: National Rules ( ) McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) – Jefferson v. Hamilton – 1791, 1811, 1816 Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) Calhoun and Nullification Dred Scott (1857) – Missouri Compromise
Era 2: Dual Federalism ( ) Industrial Revolution Business State supremacy with race Business supremacy with commerce Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) Commerce clause problems – Transportation v. manufacture FDR and the New Deal – 1937 Supreme Court proposal – Owen Roberts: Switch in time that saved nine
Today: Let’s Eat Cake!
Today Trends – Expansion of national authority – Devolution Cooperative federalism Funding, administration, determination
Show Me the Money! Grants-in-aid – Categorical v. block
So How Have We Devolved? Republican Revolution – Reduce unfunded mandates – Welfare Reform Act (1996) United States v. Lopez (1995) Printz v. United States (1997)
Questions for Thursday How should federal, state, local interact? Which level of government do you trust the most? What was Jefferson Davis trying to say? What about The Federal Farmer?