CENTER FOR BIOLOGICAL SEQUENCE ANALYSIS Molecular Evolution Course #27615 Anders Gorm Pedersen Molecular Evolution Group Center for Biological Sequence.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

LG 4 Outline Evolutionary Relationships and Classification

Advertisements

Evolution The Unifying Theory of Biology Contemporary Scientific History of the Universe billion.

Alberts, Bray, Hopkins, Johnson Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Professor: Dr. Barjis Room: P313 Phone: (718)

Classifying the Diversity of Life – Systematics: Study of the diversification of living forms, both past and present, and their relationships – Taxonomy:

LEQ: How do biologist organize living things?

THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF BIODIVERSITY

Classification of Living Things. 2 Taxonomy: Distinguishing Species Distinguishing species on the basis of structure can be difficult  Members of the.

Plant Molecular Systematics (Phylogenetics). Systematics classifies species based on similarity of traits and possible mechanisms of evolution, a change.

Classification.

In your own words, provide the essential points of Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection (descent with modification).

CENTER FOR BIOLOGICAL SEQUENCE ANALYSIS Brief Introduction to the Theory of Evolution Anders Gorm Pedersen Molecular Evolution Group Center for Biological.

Anders Gorm Pedersen Molecular Evolution Group

CHAPTER 25 TRACING PHYLOGENY. I. PHYLOGENY AND SYSTEMATICS A.TAXONOMY EMPLOYS A HIERARCHICAL SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION  SYSTEMATICS, THE STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL.

Diversity of Life in the Sea It would be virtually impossible to consider the breadth of organisms in the sea without some sort of classification system.

TAXONOMY Presentation made by: sakura023. Need to Classify.

The Development of Evolutionary Theory

Phylogeny & The Tree of Life. Phylogeny  The evolutionary history of a species or group of species.

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Chapter 22 Descent with Modification. Darwin’s context: Chapter 22 Descent with Modification.

1 Evolution Intro Diversity of Life. 2 “Nothing in biology makes sense EXCEPT in the light of evolution.” Theodosius Dobzhansky Evolution Charles Darwin.

Lesson Overview Lesson Overview Genes and Variation Genetic Drift Small populations Definition Genetic bottleneck Founder effect.

Welcome to Jeopardy!.

Classification and Taxonomy. THINK ABOUT IT –Scientists have been trying to identify, name, and find order in the diversity of life for a long time. The.

ZOOLOGY BIO 141 Dr. Sumithran.

What is Evolution? The kind we’re talking about is sometimes called organic evolution to distinguish it from non-biological changes over time. Working.

Classification and Taxonomy. THINK ABOUT IT –Scientists have been trying to identify, name, and find order in the diversity of life for a long time. The.

Evolution Understanding the Diversity of Life – Part 1 1.

Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution. – Theodosius Dobzhansky Evolution Charles Darwin in later years.

Evolution. The change in the genetic makeup of a population over time is evolution.

Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution. – Theodosius Dobzhansky Evolution Charles Darwin in later years.

Ma.Luisa V. Cuaresma Biological Sciences Department Chapter 3 Evolution, Systematics and Phylogeny.

Underlying Principles of Zoology Laws of physics and chemistry apply. Principles of genetics and evolution important. What is learned from one animal group.

Biology EOC Review Evolution. Evolution Explain biological evolution as the consequence of the interaction of population growth, inherited variability.

Systematics and the Phylogenetic Revolution Chapter 23.

Course Introduction and the Tree of Life Biology 160: Diversity and the History of Life Photo by Matt Ritter “Each [organism] instructs; its form and behavior.

Classifying the Diversity of Life Targets: 17. State the goals of taxonomy. 18. Describe how evolutionary biology and molecular biology influence classification.

Diversity of Living Things 1.1: Biodiversity. Biodiversity Number and variety of species and ecosystems on Earth By the end of 2010, 1.7 million species.

Bioinformatics for Human Biologists Rasmus Wernersson, Associate Professor Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, DTU [ -

1.Behavior geneticists study the genetic basis of behavior and personality differences among people. 2.The more closely people are biologically related,

17.2 Modern Classification

26.1 Organisms Evolve Through Genetic Change Occurring Within Populations. “Nothing in Biology makes sense except in the light of Evolution” –Theodosius.

Chapter 22: Descent With Modification A Darwinian View of Life On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection by Charles Darwin  Attempts to create.

AP Biology Chapter 15 – Mechanisms of Evolution

A Short History.   Aristotle  Envisioned – scala naturae  Fixed species occupied allotted rungs on an increasingly complex ladder of life  Linnaeus.

Principles of Taxonomy (chapter 18, page 446) Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms based on their characteristics. Why is a system of classification.

Chapter 2 Characteristicsand Classification of Life.

Structure and Function in Living Things Chapter Fifteen: The Diversity of Life 15.1 Taxonomy and Systematics 15.2 Algae and Fungi.

15.2 Theories of Evolution. Evolution Organisms change over time…

Identifying, Naming, and Classifying Species

Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Seventh Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece.

Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution. – Theodosius Dobzhansky Evolution Charles Darwin in later years.

Evolution by natural selection How do species change over time?

The ABC’s of Evolution Danielle Donahue. Aa Adaptation: a well fitted feature that aids in the survival of a population Example: the blind cave salamander.

I'm diggin' with my fingertips I'm ripping at the ground I stand upon I'm searching for fragile bones Evolution I'm never gonna be refined Keep trying.

Natural Variation & Artificial Selection. Natural Variation & Artifical Selection Darwin, through many observations, explained evolution by natural variation.

Darwin’s Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection.

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies 16. Concept 16.1 All of Life Is Connected through Its Evolutionary History All of life is related through a common.

Evolution view.php?id=5741.

PHYLOGENY AND THE TREE OF LIFE.  Phylogeny is the evolutionary history of a species or a group of species.  To determine how an organism is classified,

Darwin’s Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection Section 15-3 Darwin Presents His Case.

Evolution The Big Picture. Darwin’s alternative explanation to Special Creation - Evolution "In the broadest sense, evolution is merely change … Biological.

EVOLUTION YEAR 10 BIOLOGY Survival of the fittest!

The Evolution of Living Things Chapter 7 Sec. 1 "nothing in biology can be understood except in light of evolution" evolutionary biologist Dobzhansky.

"Nothing in Biology makes sense except in the light of evolution

Darwin’s Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection

III. Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection

Chapter 18: Evolution and Origin of Species

Darwin and His Theory 7/22/2019 Evolution

Aim: What are the main ideas of Darwin’s theory of natural selection

Presentation transcript:

CENTER FOR BIOLOGICAL SEQUENCE ANALYSIS Molecular Evolution Course #27615 Anders Gorm Pedersen Molecular Evolution Group Center for Biological Sequence Analysis Technical University of Denmark

CENTER FOR BIOLOGICAL SEQUENCE ANALYSIS Theory of evolution as the basis of biological understanding ”Nothing in biology makes sense, except in the light of evolution. Without that light it becomes a pile of sundry facts - some of them interesting or curious but making no meaningful picture as a whole” T. Dobzhansky

CENTER FOR BIOLOGICAL SEQUENCE ANALYSIS Classification: Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus

CENTER FOR BIOLOGICAL SEQUENCE ANALYSIS Classification: Linnaeus Hierarchical system Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

CENTER FOR BIOLOGICAL SEQUENCE ANALYSIS Classification depicted as a tree

CENTER FOR BIOLOGICAL SEQUENCE ANALYSIS Classification depicted as a tree SpeciesGenusFamilyOrderClass

CENTER FOR BIOLOGICAL SEQUENCE ANALYSIS Theory of evolution Charles Darwin

CENTER FOR BIOLOGICAL SEQUENCE ANALYSIS Phylogenetic basis of systematics Linnaeus:Linnaeus: Ordering principle is God. Darwin:Darwin: Ordering principle is shared descent from common ancestors. Today, systematics is explicitly based on phylogeny.Today, systematics is explicitly based on phylogeny.

CENTER FOR BIOLOGICAL SEQUENCE ANALYSIS Darwin’s four postulates  Each generation more offspring is born than the environment can support - a fraction of offspring dies without leaving any offspring of its own.  Individuals in a population vary in their characteristics.  Some differences among individuals are based on genetic differences.  Individuals with favorable characteristics have higher rates of survival and reproduction.  Evolution by means of natural selection  Presence of ”design-like” features in organisms: quite often features are there “for a reason”

CENTER FOR BIOLOGICAL SEQUENCE ANALYSIS Theory of evolution as the basis of biological understanding “Phylogenies, or evolutionary trees, are the basic structures necessary to think clearly about the differences between species, and to analyze those differences statistically.” Joseph Felsenstein