©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CRIS Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Keith G Jeffery President, euroCRIS

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Agenda Introduction – speaker CRIS Purpose & Stakeholders CRIS development history Where are we now CERIF-CRIS at the centre of the Organisation Nirvana (the ideal CRIS environment) Synthesis Role of euroCRIS

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Who ? Director, IT & International Strategy –Strategy, advice International UK Government UK Research Councils STFC STFC Departments –SSC Project Design Authority President ERCIM President euroCRIS

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CCLRC-RAL Site

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Agenda Introduction – speaker CRIS Purpose & Stakeholders CRIS development history Where are we now CERIF-CRIS at the centre of the Organisation Nirvana (the ideal CRIS environment) Synthesis Role of euroCRIS

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CRIS “a Current Research Information System, commonly known as "CRIS", is any information tool dedicated to provide access to and disseminate research information” ( –A CRIS consists of a datamodel describing objects of interest to R&D a tool or set of tools to manage the data

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Purpose CRIS To assist users in their recording, reporting and decision-making concerning the research process whether developing programmes, allocating funding, assessing projects, executing projects, generating results, assessing results or transferring technology

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture a tool for policy making evaluation of research based on outputs document the research activities document research output a formal log of research in progress to assist project planning. Purpose at institution level

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Purpose for Individual end users to evaluate opportunities for research funding avoid duplication of research activity analyse research trends, locally, regionally and internationally references/links to full text locate new contacts/networks identify new markets for products of research

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The Users Research and Development Information –For the political decision-makers –For the funding organisations –For the entrepreneurs –For the researchers –For the innovators –For the media –For the general public

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Agenda Introduction – speaker CRIS Purpose & Stakeholders CRIS development history Where are we now CERIF-CRIS at the centre of the Organisation Nirvana (the ideal CRIS environment) Synthesis Role of euroCRIS

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Early CRIS pre-1985 Described projects Usually text only Usually an ordered set of (repeatable) fields, often in ‘punched card’ format Some had [ ] format Usually monolingual Based on library catalogue card idea (i.e.metadata)

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Exceptions 1980s BEST (UK) British Expertise in Science and Technology COS (USA) Community of Science LABO (FR) CNRS Laboratories Database

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CRIS Interoperation The Need In Europe –recognised need for standard format for interchange of R&D information Two reports –Conference of European Rectors Conferences –Committee of Heads of Research Funding Agencies

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CRIS Interoperation The Need (Wider) European Commission picked up the ideas Put together a group of experts nominated by national governments Purpose to define a Common European Research Information Format (CERIF)

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CERIF 1991 experience & problems Single-entry focus Simple Record Format –Project was an Entity with Persons, Organisations and other infomation represented as attributes Problems with repeating groups and relationships Research Classification Scheme recommended 1991 not updated since 1988

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CRISs and CERIF91 in the 1990s CERIF91 needed updating –to handle problems from experience of use CRIS becoming more important –noticeable both in EC and national governments Also standard needed for ERGO (European Research Gateways Online) pilot initiative –A single central catalog of research projects from national databases launched 1999 –> 20 countries submitted data, > 90,000 records

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CRIS Conference The first conference on CRISs 1991 –Bergen, Norway –Organised by Jostein Helland Hauge –Invited national experts as speakers Subsequent conferences until 2000 –organised with the EC Conferences 2002 onwards –Organised by euroCRIS

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CRIS Requirements 1990s cover projects, persons, organisations –and results: products, patents, publications –and facilities, equipment, events, services entities, not more attributes lengths & types & language, character set repeating groups (logical) flexibility - relationships (conceptual) better data quality consistent coding (semantic) record history (date/time)

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Project Person / CV Institution Event Equipment Books Journal/article Patent Research Group Publisher

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture PROJECTORGUNIT SkillsCV General Facility Particular Equipment Contact Results Publication Results Patent Results Product Service Funding Programme Event Classification Prize/Award PERSON

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture PROJECTORGUNITPERSON Result_Publication RESULT_PUBLICATION Concepts: (1) temporally-bound role linking relations (2) >1 linking relation : Result_Publication and other entities (3) PERSON role may be author, co-author, editor, reviewer…. (4) ORGUNIT role may be publisher, IPR or copyright owner.. (5) PROJECT role may be the source of the idea

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture RESULT_PUBLICATION PROJECT ORGUNIT PERSON Result_Publication Can Express: Person A (DT1 - DT2) (is author of) Publication X Orgunit O (DT1 - DT2) (is owner of IPR in) Publication X Person A (DT1 - DT2) (is employee of ) Orgunit O Person A (DT1 - DT2) (is project leader of) Project P Person A (DT1-DT2) (is member of) Orgunit M Person A (DT1-DT2) (is member of) Orgunit N Orgunit M (DT1-DT2) (is part of) Orgunit O Orgunit N (DT1-DT2) (is part of) Orgunit O

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Result_Publication Instance Diagram Person A Publication X OrgUnit O OrgUnit M OrgUnit N Project P member employee Part of owns IPR author Project leader

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CERIF A Template CRIS can be implemented using subset or superset of full CERIF model: –for projects –for people –for organisations –for publications, patents, products –for services –for facilities, particular equipment with role-based, temporally-bound relationships

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CERIF The Advantages Neutral Architecture Data Model can be implemented: –relational –object-oriented –information retrieval (including WWW) Process model can be implemented –DBMS and query; centralised or distributed; –html web / harvesting / IR-query; –advanced knowledge-based technology But interoperation requires structured schema

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CERIF The use today As a model for an implemented standalone CRIS –But interoperation ready As a model to define the wrapper around a legacy non-CERIF CRIS –To allow homogenous access to heterogeneous systems As a definition of a data exchange format –To create a common data warehouse from several CRIS

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CERIF: The Key This allows not only construction of a new interoperation-ready CRIS but also wrapper- interoperation by generating CERIF from a legacy CRIS The key to the CERIF datamodel is Structured (syntax) First order logic (semantics) Legacy CRIS wrapper New CRIS

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Revisions to CERIF2000 standard CERIF2002, CERIF2004, 2006, 2008 Issues –Publications –Classification (& semantics) Custodians of the model –Required some organisation –EC handed responsibility to euroCRIS (2002) –euroCRIS set up CERIF Task Group CERIF Developed beyond 2000

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture euroCRIS Seminars euroCRIS founded formally in 2001 (informally since 1991) As well as –Custodianship of CERIF –Best practice –The CRIS conferences –Community-building Decided also to run strategic seminars –2003 onwards with our strategic partners EC, ESF, EARMA, ALLEA, ICSU/CODATA, ERCIM, JISC, GreyNet

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Meanwhile: Catalogue CRISs Some CRISs cataloguing other CRISs grew up e.g. DRIS (NL) Use HTML Web pages with URLs to link to other CRISs

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Meanwhile: CRIS by Harvesting With the advent of WWW in the 1990s many universities and other organisations produced websites describing their projects, people, publications etc It was suggested that harvesting these websites could generate a CRIS No known examples –Two attempts failed –Google Scholar a CRIS? – publication-based – but requires massive resources

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Meanwhile: Funding Organisations Had CRIS since 1970s Updated to relational technology in 1980s Used to manage the application, awarding and monitoring of R&D grants: Project and finance- based Realised the need to make some of the information available widely; generated websites from the databases in 1990s Some provided web-based update (B2C) late 1990s

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Meanwhile: Funding Organisations Huge problem with update once grant awarded Huge problem of synchronisation with equivalent record(s) in university or research institute or cooperating industry databases Now some implementing full ERP (enterprise resource planning) systems such as Oracle EBS or SAP with integrated procurement, finance, HR, Project management…and can handle grants (research projects)

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Meanwhile Publishers The commercial publishers’ databases could be regarded as CRISs –They hold data on persons in role author But in various different formats –They hold data on institutions as addresses Usually not complete and unambiguous –They hold data on publications as metadata full article references / citations –Within the article there may (or may not) be information on projects, facilities, equipment, services, products, events But it is hard to extract – un- or semi-structured The same is true of open access repositories

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Agenda Introduction – speaker CRIS Purpose & Stakeholders CRIS development history Where are we now CERIF-CRIS at the centre of the Organisation Nirvana (the ideal CRIS environment) Synthesis Role of euroCRIS

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Where are we now? CRISs Standalone CRISs –Variety of kinds –Some based on or using CERIF Interoperating CRISs –Homogeneous (all using same schema) simple technology e.g. METIS –Heterogeneous (different schemas) Need data access and exchange schema standard Only working examples to date IDEAS and ERGO (CERIF)

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Where are we now? Commercial CRISs One commercial offering since late 1980s –COS (COS, USA) Commercial offerings emerged recently –uniCRIS (uniCRIS AG, CH) –PURE (Atira, DK) –Converis (Avedas DE) Others moving towards this Repository Systems –Publications Management System (Symplectic UK) –ePrints (U southampton) –DSpace (MIT) –ePubs (STFC) –Fedora (Fedora Commons, USA)

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Where are we now? And Where Next? The need: –The EC has declared the ERA (European Research Area) The Lisbon Targets The Opportunity –CRISs to record IP of an organisation to encourage innovation, wealth creation, improved quality of life –Interoperating CRISs to support the ERA and Lisbon targets especially to encourage cross-Europe innovation Note projects CISTRANA and IST-World

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Agenda Introduction – speaker CRIS Purpose & Stakeholders CRIS development history Where are we now CERIF-CRIS at the centre of the Organisation Nirvana (the ideal CRIS environment) Synthesis Role of euroCRIS

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Requirement Researcher –should provide a view of everything of interest to the researcher in a structured manner which appears logical to the researcher in order to optimize the productive time of the researcher. Organisation –should provide the information required for decision-making to the benefit of the organisation. World-at-large –Selected views of the systems described above for researchers or organisations may be made available as information to others for purposes such as publicity, education (of scholars and of the general public) or offerings for technology transfer and commercialisation.

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CERIF Characteristics extensible while preserving backward continuity to allow guaranteed interoperation between CERIF-CRIS –by adding new base entities and then link entities to integrate with the structure. link to any other system –using the link entities. normalized to avoid replication of data and to improve performance. –and consequent update integrity problems

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CERIF Characteristics implementable using any technology from hypermedia to information retrieval (semi-structured) and on to knowledge-based systems. follows formally first order logic –and so is available for deduction and induction leading to greater potential utilization of the data –Is scalable because machine-understandable as well as machine- readable. includes lookup tables (used also as classification tables) –improved data integrity by validation at input/update time –permits intelligent user interfaces to utilise the information to provide user assistance.

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CERIF The Key The key to the design is the separation of base entities from link entities. The base entities, once populated, are rarely amended but may be appended with new information. The link entities are where the main update activity takes place since they record new relationships between records in the base entities. These new relationships may be input or they may be generated by deduction or induction.

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture RESULT_PUBLICATION PROJECT ORGUNIT PERSON Result_Publication Can Express: Person A (DT1 - DT2) (is author of) Publication X Orgunit O (DT1 - DT2) (is owner of IPR in) Publication X Person A (DT1 - DT2) (is employee of ) Orgunit O Person A (DT1 - DT2) (is project leader of) Project P Person A (DT1-DT2) (is member of) Orgunit M Person A (DT1-DT2) (is member of) Orgunit N Orgunit M (DT1-DT2) (is part of) Orgunit O Orgunit N (DT1-DT2) (is part of) Orgunit O

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Result_Publication Instance Diagram Person A Publication X OrgUnit O OrgUnit M OrgUnit N Project P member employee Part of owns IPR author Project leader

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Linkages From CERIF Staying with this example: CERIF does not only provide strong, role- typed, timestamped within-links But also provides the facility for strong, role-typed, timestamped outward-links

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Linkages From CERIF Staying with this example: publication X full-text (or multimedia) is not stored within the CERIF data model but in an institutional repository or publisher’s online database. CERIF provides the direct linkage to the full text.

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Result_Publication Instance Diagram Person A Publication X OrgUnit O OrgUnit M OrgUnit N Project P member employee Part of owns IPR author Project leader repository

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Linkages From CERIF Staying with this example: more information about Person A may be found in the HR (human resources) system of OrgUnit O, or on web-pages associated with either OrgUnit M or N.

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Result_Publication Instance Diagram Person A Publication X OrgUnit O OrgUnit M OrgUnit N Project P member employee Part of owns IPR author Project leader repository HR System webpages

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Linkages From CERIF Staying with this example: the full project management information associated with Project P may be accessed in the project management system of Organisation O,

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Result_Publication Instance Diagram Person A Publication X OrgUnit O OrgUnit M OrgUnit N Project P member employee Part of owns IPR author Project leader repository HR System webpages Project Management

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Linkages From CERIF Staying with this example: and from thence financial information may be found in the financial systems of Organisation O.

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Result_Publication Instance Diagram Person A Publication X OrgUnit O OrgUnit M OrgUnit N Project P member employee Part of owns IPR author Project leader repository HR System webpages Project Management Finance

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The Problem the traditional divide between –the individual researcher or research group view of the world peer recognition –the organisation management view of the world governance and value for money the traditional fierce independence of researchers and unwillingness to provide information on their activity –a quest for curiosity-led academic research freedom –despite possible advantages in cooperating with the management of an organisation –the view that the IT system provided is inadequate and they could have designed it better!

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The Solution CERIF-CRIS plus Links CERIF: Person –Link to organisation HR system CERIF: OrgUnit –Link to organisational webpages –Link to catalogue of organisations (eg D&B) CERIF: Project –Link to organisational project management system –Link to funding organisation(s) records on the project CERIF: Funding –Link to funding organisation programme CERIF: Event –Link to e.g. conference webpage CERIF: Contact –Link to customer relationship management system CERIF: Result_Publication –Link to repository or publisher online database CERIF: Result_Patent –Link to patent database(s) CERIF: Result_Product –Link to e-research portal to datasets, software CERIF: Facility –Link to webpages of facility CERIF: Equipment –Link to webpages of equipment etc

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CERIF-CRIS at One Organisation CERIF-CRIS Managing Research Information at a researching or research funding organisation: decision support

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CERIF-CRIS at One Organisation Publication repository CERIF-CRIS With associated scholarly publications providing deeper information on the research; metadata in the CERIF-CRIS

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CERIF-CRIS at One Organisation Publication repository Dataset Software repository CERIF-CRIS And research datasets and software to allow detailed examination of the research method; metadata in the CERIF- CRIS Note: metadata for products and patents stored in CERIF- CRIS; detail elsewhere (e.g. national or international system)

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CERIF-CRIS at One Organisation Publication repository Dataset Software repository Finance system CERIF-CRIS With financial information related to research activity to assess value for money

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CERIF-CRIS at One Organisation Publication repository Dataset Software repository Finance system Human Resources system CERIF-CRIS And human resource information related to the research activity to ensure appropriate skills and resource availability

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CERIF-CRIS at One Organisation Publication repository Dataset Software repository Finance system Human Resources system Project Management system CERIF-CRIS And project management information including milestones, deliverables and resources of the research to understand the research method This list of organisational ICT systems is not exclusive…

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CERIF-CRIS at One Organisation Publication repository Dataset Software repository Finance system Human Resources system Project Management system CERIF-CRIS Directory Services And directory services to control research workflow, messaging, authentication, authorisation, access

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CERIF-CRIS at One Organisation Publication repository Dataset Software repository Finance system Human Resources system Project Management system CERIF-CRIS Web pages Directory Services And generation of intranet (organisation), DMZ (trusted business partners) and extranet (public ) web-pages

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CERIF-CRIS at One Organisation Publication repository Dataset Software repository Finance system Human Resources system Project Management system CERIF-CRIS Web pages Directory Services This is fine for one organisation but research is international, so…

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CERIF Interoperation CERIF-CRIS CERIF provides interoperation of CRIS and associated systems with formal syntax and declared semantics so that it is reliable and scalable. Interconnect Backplane

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture CRIS + Repositories at 1 institution CRIS Research Context [projects, persons, organisational units funding, products, patents, publications facilities, equipment, events] OA Repository (hypermedia) Documents e-Research repository Datasets and Software OAI- PMH Various protocols End-User CERIF

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture ….and multiple institutions CRIS OA repository e-Research repository CRIS OA repository e-Research repository CRIS OA repository e-Research repository End-User Institution AInstitution BInstitution C

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re- iteration Research information system for decision-support

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re- iteration Research information system for decision-support Metadata (index) to scholarly publications (white and grey) in a repository

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re- iteration Research information system for decision-support Metadata (index) to scholarly publications (white and grey) in a repository Metadata (index) to research datasets and software in a repository

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re- iteration Research information system for decision-support Metadata (index) to scholarly publications (white and grey) in a repository Metadata (index) to research datasets and software in a repository Access view to financial information of an organisation

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re- iteration Research information system for decision-support Metadata (index) to scholarly publications (white and grey) in a repository Metadata (index) to research datasets and software in a repository Access view to financial information of an organisation Access view to human resource information of an organisation

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re- iteration Research information system for decision-support Metadata (index) to scholarly publications (white and grey) in a repository Metadata (index) to research datasets and software in a repository Access view to financial information of an organisation Access view to human resource information of an organisation Access view to project management information of an organisation

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re- iteration Research information system for decision-support Metadata (index) to scholarly publications (white and grey) in a repository Metadata (index) to research datasets and software in a repository Access view to financial information of an organisation Access view to human resource information of an organisation Access view to project management information of an organisation (and to other relevant organisation systems)

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re- iteration Research information system for decision-support Metadata (index) to scholarly publications (white and grey) in a repository Metadata (index) to research datasets and software in a repository Access view to financial information of an organisation Access view to human resource information of an organisation Access view to project management information of an organisation (and to other relevant organisation systems) Provision of directory service information for authentication, authorisation, workflow, cooperative working…

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re- iteration Research information system for decision-support Metadata (index) to scholarly publications (white and grey) in a repository Metadata (index) to research datasets and software in a repository Access view to financial information of an organisation Access view to human resource information of an organisation Access view to project management information of an organisation (and to other relevant organisation systems) Provision of directory service information for authentication, authorisation, workflow, cooperative working… Generation of web pages presenting the organisation on intranet, DMZ and extranet directly or from other organisational systems through the CERIF-CRIS

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Roles of CERIF-CRIS: Re- iteration Research information system for decision-support Metadata (index) to scholarly publications (white and grey) in a repository Metadata (index) to research datasets and software in a repository Access view to financial information of an organisation Access view to human resource information of an organisation Access view to project management information of an organisation (and to other relevant organisation systems) Provision of directory service information for authentication, authorisation, workflow, cooperative working… Generation of web pages presenting the organisation on intranet, DMZ and extranet directly or from other organisational systems through the CERIF-CRIS Interoperation with other CERIF-CRIS (and their associated systems) to give a global view of research information

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Take-Home Message Make the CERIF-CRIS the centre of the research organisation to a)Integrate all other systems b)Interoperate with external systems

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Agenda Introduction – speaker CRIS Purpose & Stakeholders CRIS development history Where are we now CERIF-CRIS at the centre of the Organisation Nirvana (the ideal CRIS environment) Synthesis Role of euroCRIS

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Approaching Nirvana euroCRIS members are working on advanced systems to support the ideal CRIS environment

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Nirvana - Retrieval An environment where an end-user can: –Request information and through an intelligent dialogue generate a ‘job’ which provides it Example (Medical R&D planning) –How many researchers expert in GlycoProtein gp120 and CD4 molecule –are likely be available in 2015; –Classify researchers by country, institution; order list of researchers by number of refereed publications to date

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Nirvana – input / update An environment where an end-user can: –Input / update information and through an intelligent dialogue obtain assistance where needed and validation of the input Example: –if value input for ‘person’ then possible valid values for ‘organisational unit’ suggested

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The Solution is Required: To overcome the ‘effort threshold’ to : obtain the required answers from the CRIS input and update the information in the CRIS maintain data quality in the CRIS Across –local stand-alone CRIS –heterogeneous distributed CRISs Thus achieving ‘nirvana’

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture How to Achieve this? Effort threshold –Process approach record incrementally as available Improved intelligence for input and retrieval –Metadata And behind it availability, pervasiveness, scalability, end-user friendliness –GRIDs

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The R&D Process: Recording Workprogramme Proposal Project Results Exploitation WealthCreation CRIS DATABASE

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The R&D Process: Feedbacks Workprogramme Proposal Project Results Exploitation WealthCreation CRIS DATABASE

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The R&D Process: Review Workprogramme Proposal Project Results Exploitation WealthCreation review CRIS DATABASE

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The WorkProgramme Process Workprogramme Economic factors Societal factors Technology Foresight CRIS DATABASE -World / Country State -World / Country Models -Technology Prediction -Solicited Advice

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The Proposal Process Proposal Idea Review Previous Work Objectives Method Resources and dependencies CRIS DATABASE -Previous Results -Previous Projects CRIS DATABASE -Human Resources -Finance

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The Project Process Project Project Management System CRIS DATABASE CRIS DATABASE -Previous Results -Previous Projects -Human Resources -Finance

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The Results Process Results Initial Results Internal Review Peer Review Publication or Registration CRIS DATABASE CRIS DATABASE Previous Results

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The Exploitation Process Exploitation Results Business Plan Finance Production Marketing Selling CRIS DATABASE Marketing Information Economic Information

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The Wealth Creation Process Exploitation WealthCreation marketing production employment CRIS DATABASE Marketing Information Economic Information

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The R&D Process: Recording Workprogramme Proposal Project Results Exploitation WealthCreation CRIS DATABASE

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The R&D Process Recording WorkProgramme Workprogramme ProgrammeName Funding OrgUnit Person responsible Workprogramme document CRIS DATABASE

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The R&D Process Recording Proposal Proposal Title Abstract Person(s) OrgUnit(s) Proposal Document CRIS DATABASE

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The R&D Process Recording Project Project Title Abstract Person(s) OrgUnit(s) Funding Project Plan CRIS DATABASE

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The R&D Process Recording Results-Product Results Person(s) OrgUnit(s) Project(s) Product(s) Product Description CRIS DATABASE

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The R&D Process Recording Results-Patent Results Person(s) OrgUnit(s) Project(s) Patent(s) Patent File CRIS DATABASE

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The R&D Process Recording Results-Publication Results Person(s) OrgUnit(s) Project(s) Bibliographic Information Article CRIS DATABASE

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The R&D Process Recording Exploitation Exploitation Person(s) OrgUnit(s) Business plan Finance Data Marketing Data Production Data Sales Data CRIS DATABASE

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The R&D Process Recording Wealth Creation WealthCreation Person(s) OrgUnit(s) Annual Reports/Accounts Employment Records Dividends Records CRIS DATABASE

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The R&D Process Workprogramme Proposal Project Results Exploitation WealthCreation Note: some CRIS developers limit recording of outputs from the process to areas indicated Nirvana

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Complete Process ICT Support Nirvana is –a complete, –integrated, –end-to-end ICT support –for the research process –across heterogeneous distributed CRISs

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture How do we achieve this? We need to develop (further) technologies of –Metadata (interoperation) –GRIDs and ambient computing (ease of use) –Workflow (reduce threshold barrier) Thus permitting CRIS to be the central focus (providing R&D context) for research outputs such as publications, patents, products including R&D datasets and software

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Metadata and Data Exchange Standards Metadata –a succinct representation of the object of interest –Schema, navigational, associative [descriptive, restrictive, supportive] –Used for rapid retrieval of navigational data to objects of interest –Can also be used for statistical purposes (‘how many…..’,’average number of…’) data (document) SCHEMANAVIGATIONALASSOCIATIVE how to get it constrain it view to users

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Metadata Many kinds and standards exist Examples include: –Publications: MARC, DC (Dublin Core) –Geospatial: CSDGM (Content standard for digital geospatial metadata) –Engineering: STEP –Education: LOM (learning object metadata); EDNA (Education Network Australia metadata)

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Metadata and CRISs Commonly a CRIS stores the metadata rather than the object itself –e.g. result_publicationId which can be used to access the publication itself (person{author}, title, abstract etc usually stored in the CRIS) –e.g. projectId which can be used to access the detailed project documentation (title, abstract etc usually stored in the CRIS)

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Metadata: DCf: Publications UniqueId PersonOrgUnit Security Privacy AccessLevel Charge Restrictive Annotation Classification Quality Assessment OrgUnit UniqueId Domain of CERIF Person Project ResourceIdentifier Subject Keywords Description Resource Type Coverage Temporal Coverage Spatial Title Descriptive Navigational

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Metadata in CRISs Used for –Quality: validation on input / update –Summarising: overview results –Retrieval speed (find the list of objects of potential interest) –Controlling access –Rights management –And……..

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Metadata in Interoperating CRISs Metadata essential to allow interoperation of CRISs, especially heterogeneous distributed CRISs Provides the information necessary to set up automatically retrieval (or update) over heterogeneous CRISs –Catalog technique –Universal schema technique(s) –Knowledge-based reconciliation technique(s)

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Metadata and Data Exchange Standards Data Exchange Standards –Needed not just for data (file) exchange –Also for returning results of a retrieval from one CRIS to another in a form (syntax, semantics) that is processable Metadata plus dataset –Note data exchange standards used extensively in e- business, banking, insurance, medical, engineering, research areas

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The Key: Metadata and Data Exchange Standards Nirvana is –Formal metadata (machine understandable) –Query: Metadata describing CRIS resources to improve queries –Answer: Metadata attached to Query result files (data exchange) so the receiving CRIS or user can understand the output

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Workflow on the GRIDs surface GRIDs ‘surface’ provides –Computational capabilities of GRID –Information presentation capabilities of WWW –Information management capabilities But not yet environment for workflow

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The GRIDs Architecture Knowledge Layer Information LayerComputation / Data Layer Data to Knowledge Control

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture The GRIDs Architecture Data to Knowledge Control Particle Physics ApplicationGenomics Application Environmental ApplicationE-Business Application

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture A POSSIBLE ARCHITECTURE U:USER S:SOURCE R:RESOURCE Rm:Resource Metadata Ra:Resource Agent Ua:User Agent Um:User Metadata Sm:Source Metadata Sa:Source Agent brokers The GRIDs Environment

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture A Brief History of GRIDs 1G: custom-made architecture machines to user –Pioneering metacomputing 2G: proprietary standards and interfaces –I-WAY  GLOBUS, UNICORE, CONDOR, LEGION  AVAKI 2.5G: added in FTP, SRB, LDAP, AccessGRID 3G: adopted W3C concepts for open interfaces – OGSA / OGSI: note especially OGSA/DAI –But built on 2.G foundations e-Science Apps e-Science R&D

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture But….. This comes nowhere near the requirements as originally defined for GRIDs Too low-level (programmer not end-user level) –Insufficient representativity –Insufficient expressivity –Insufficient resilience –Insufficient dynamic flexibility

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Services: Challenges 1  Description  Location  Requirements matching  Composing  Utilising  metadata Functional Program Code (to deliver the service) Service description (descriptive metadata) Input Parameter definitions Output Parameter definitions Restrictions on use of service (restrictive metadata)

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Services: Challenges 2  Composition  End-to-end FR satisfaction  End-to-end NFRs satisfaction  Avoiding emergent properties  Conditions of use of services  Processes  wrapped with data  wrapped with processing, storage etc  wrapped with real estate  wrapped with staff Multiple Instances Parallel execution

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture e-,i-,k-infrastructure server detectors e- i- k- Deduction & induction – human or machine Physical Information Systems server

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Middleware – and as SOKUs e- i- k- Lower middleware (hides physical heterogeneity) Upper middleware (hides syntactic heterogeneity) K- upper middleware (resolves semantic heterogeneity) K- lower middleware (presents declared semantics)

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Workflow on the GRIDs Surface Nirvana is –GRIDs ‘surface’ Providing computation, information presentation and information management –Plus Self* resilience –Plus capabilities to support workflow

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Agenda Introduction – speaker CRIS Purpose & Stakeholders CRIS development history Where are we now CERIF-CRIS at the centre of the Organisation Nirvana (the ideal CRIS environment) Synthesis Role of euroCRIS

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Overall : The Way Forward SCIENTIFIC DATASETS Data Information Knowledge PUBLICATIONS Data Information Knowledge CRIS Management of Research

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture PUBLICATIONS Data Information Knowledge Overall : The Way Forward Digital Curation Facility SCIENTIFIC DATASETS Data Information Knowledge CRIS Management of Research CDR (CERIF) Portal with knowledge-assisted user interface

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Overall : The Way Forward Digital Curation Facility SCIENTIFIC DATASETS Data Information Knowledge PUBLICATIONS Data Information Knowledge metadata Portal with knowledge-assisted user interface

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Overall : The Way Forward Digital Curation Facility SCIENTIFIC DATASETS Data Information Knowledge PUBLICATIONS Data Information Knowledge metadata publish validate Portal with knowledge-assisted user interface

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Overall : The Way Forward Digital Curation Facility SCIENTIFIC DATASETS Data Information Knowledge PUBLICATIONS Data Information Knowledge metadata publish validate GRIDs Portal with knowledge-assisted user interface Ambient, Pervasive Access

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Overall : The Way Forward Portal with knowledge-assisted user interface Digital Curation Facility SCIENTIFIC DATASETS Data Information Knowledge PUBLICATIONS Data Information Knowledge metadata publish validate GRIDs Ambient, Pervasive Access

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Overall : The Way Forward Portal with knowledge-assisted user interface Digital Curation Facility SCIENTIFIC DATASETS Data Information Knowledge PUBLICATIONS Data Information Knowledge metadata publish validate GRIDs Ambient, Pervasive Access

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Overall : The Way Forward Portal with knowledge-assisted user interface Digital Curation Facility SCIENTIFIC DATASETS Data Information Knowledge PUBLICATIONS Data Information Knowledge metadata publish validate GRIDs Ambient, Pervasive Access

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Three Steps to Nirvana Complete Process ICT Support Metadata and Data Exchange Standards Workflow on the GRIDs Surface The Perfect CRIS

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Agenda Introduction – speaker CRIS Purpose & Stakeholders CRIS development history Where are we now CERIF-CRIS at the centre of the Organisation Nirvana (the ideal CRIS environment) Synthesis Role of euroCRIS

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture euroCRIS The Role It is the role of euroCRIS to: –Promote and improve communication and interaction between global CRIS; –Maintain and publish the CERIF (Common European Research Information Format) recommendation and any standards endorsed by euroCRIS; –Organize and run the CRIS series of conferences with associated workshops and other events;

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture euroCRIS The Role –Provide a source of expertise in CRIS to members and to others under business arrangements made at the time; –Develop euroCRIS guidelines; –Nurture the CRIS community by events, a newsletter, an online discussion forum and other appropriate mechanisms; –Provide a forum for exploring and exploiting new and emerging concepts and technologies (including data quality, standards, etc.); –Establish a one-stop portal / gateway to international CRIS resources. (eurocris charter)

©euroCRIS/Keith G JefferyCRIS: Stakeholders, Benefits, History, Process, Architecture Prof. Keith G Jeffery President, euroCRIS