Biochemistry.

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Presentation transcript:

Biochemistry

What Makes Something Organic? Carbon & Hydrogen!

Why is Carbon Important? Carbon: Organic compound serves as basis for life 4 valence electrons Ability for covalent bonding with other elements May also bond with itself Single, double, triple bond Forms rings of carbon Form long chains of carbons

Functional Groups Carboxyl Ketone Hydroxyl Amino C=O N-H-H -OH group C=O-OH

Parts of the chemical reaction Chemical Reactions Chemical Reactions: Energy and matter (atoms) are neither created nor destroyed- they are rearranged Parts of the chemical reaction Large numbers in front of molecular formulas: # of those compounds in reaction Reactants: Left side; molecules put into the reaction Arrow: Represents the reaction itself Products: Right side; result of the reaction

Vocabulary: Monomers versus Polymers Monomer- 1 single molecule Polymer- more than 1 single molecule joined together

Types of Chemical Reactions Dehydration Synthesis- join monomers together; water is an end product

Types of Chemical Reactions Hydrolysis- Put water into the equation to break apart the disaccharide or polysaccharide

Remember: Dehydrate to make, hydrate to break!

Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions Endothermic- heat put into the reaction Exothermic- heat released from the reaction Dehydration Synthesis Endothermic Creating bonds requires energy Hydrolysis Exothermic Breaking bonds releases energy