6/1/2015Ch.31 Defining Enterprise Architecture Bina Ramamurthy

6/1/2015Ch.32 Introduction We will describe a general framework for an enterprise architecture. Goals are not specific to a particular application but to the enterprise as a whole. Automation, streamlining, flexibility, workflow driven applications are some of the features we will focus on.

6/1/2015Ch.33 Topics for discussion General characteristics Business system hierarchy Integration infrastructure model Network model Workflow model An enterprise integration scenario Summary

6/1/2015Ch.34 General Characteristics Distributed computing Component-based applications Event-driven systems Loose coupling of business functions Decision support systems Workflow management Internet access and personalization of interfaces

6/1/2015Ch.35 Distributed systems Scalability: it should be possible to accommodate increased number of user, increased number of transactions, or expand the scope of functionality. It should be possible to add servers, and sites without any major changes to the basic design of the architecture or applications. It should accommodate diverse computing platforms with proper use of interoperability standards and middelware.

6/1/2015Ch.36 Component-based applications Should support component-based applications. Components are sharable, replaceable building blocks. This is essential to be able to adapt quickly to the changing business needs and technology opportunities. Sun’s Enterprise Java Beans (EJB), CORBA component model (CCM) and Microsoft’s COM+.

6/1/2015Ch.37 Event-driven process Businesses are driven by events: an order is placed, a shipment is received, a machine fails, a person is hired. Processes must be streamlined. When a problem requiring management attention occurs in production, appropriate manager should be notified immediately. This requires a change in the design of systems and the way they interoperate. (Project 1: IncidentWeb)

6/1/2015Ch.38 Loose coupling Traditional: large, monolithic solutions. Desired: highly coherent focused solutions linked through the transfer of transactions in an asynchronous mode of communication. Messages queues are used for comm. Loose coupling allows for independently developed applications to interact without concern about time, internal information format, and technology.

6/1/2015Ch.39 Decision Support Systems(p.48,49) Enterprise integration architecture must support decision makers with these information: Current status Exceptions (system and business-based) Historical records Relevant knowledge Currently business exceptions (what we call incidents in project1) are not recognized by systems, but rather by humans.

6/1/2015Ch.310 Business Exceptions Events requiring human intervention, shifts in key business indicators, violations of policies, or deviations in variables that exceed defined limits should be treated as business exceptions. Automated business processes and rules should determine immediately who should take action and with what priority.

6/1/2015Ch.311 Project1 1. Define at least four business exceptions (incidents). 2. Define limits or exceptional conditions that will trigger these exceptions. 3. Decide who and which applications should be “notified” about the exceptions. You may use (mail api), messaging (message queues) or simple method invocation to implement this. 4. Define what remedial actions should be taken. 5. For the cheapbooks.coms: possible exceptions can be “out of stock”, and “denial of service”.

6/1/2015Ch.312 Business Process Automation Traditionally: documents were source of input and reports were produced as outputs. Current business involve interactions between humans as well as humans and computers. Business process automation: workflow management post a “work list” to a person or application. Delays can be monitored, action item can be brought to attention based on a priority. Controls can be applied to make to sure exceptions are given proper attention and actions receive proper authorization.

6/1/2015Ch.313 Integration Infrastructure Model (fig.3.2) LegacySystem Adapter Message Queue Enterprise COTS Application Distributed Component Based systems Decision Support System Main Control/ Trans Application Enterprise Infrastructure

6/1/2015Ch.314 Workflow Process Model Business processes drive the operation of a business. Examples: (enterprise level) fill customer order, get (trivial) approval on a form. Workflow: process definition, process system, activity, requester, personal work list, resource assignment facility, process manager, process interoperability.

6/1/2015Ch.315 Figure 3.4 Workflow Process Model Process A instance Process B instance Requester Process manager Resource Assignment Facilities Personal Worklist Process A Definition

6/1/2015Ch.316 Component-based model We will look at it in the context of J2EE and EJB next week.

6/1/2015Ch.317 Enterprise Scenerio Figure 3.8 Customer, sales portal, customer representative, billing service, order processing, customer relationship manager, accounting, archives, management information, exceptions, purchasing, warehouse, supplier, carrier, shipping, carrier.. Back to customer.

6/1/2015Ch.318 Summary Enterprise systems: processes, applications, application components, messaging, exceptions and notification. We looked workflow model. We will look into component model later.

6/1/2015Ch.319 Topics of Discussion State the main ideas you’ll be talking about

6/1/2015Ch.320 Topic One Details about this topic Supporting information and examples How it relates to your audience

6/1/2015Ch.321 Topic Two Details about this topic Supporting information and examples How it relates to your audience

6/1/2015Ch.322 Topic Three Details about this topic Supporting information and examples How it relates to your audience

6/1/2015Ch.323 Real Life Give an example or real life anecdote Sympathize with the audience’s situation if appropriate

6/1/2015Ch.324 What This Means Add a strong statement that summarizes how you feel or think about this topic Summarize key points you want your audience to remember

6/1/2015Ch.325 Next Steps Summarize any actions required of your audience Summarize any follow up action items required of you