MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Server Administration (Exam #70-646) Chapter 11 Windows Server 2008 Virtualization

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 2 Learning Objectives Understand server virtualization Understand the advantages and disadvantages of virtual servers Explain the features and requirements of Microsoft Hyper-V Install Hyper-V List the guest operating systems supported by Hyper-V

Learning Objectives (cont’d.) Use Hyper-V Manager to configure and manage virtual machines MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 3

What Is Virtualization? Virtualization –Disguise the physical or individual hardware elements of computing to enhance or multiply resources Types of virtualization –Server virtualization Running multiple server operating systems on a single server computer Example: Microsoft Hyper-V –Workstation or PC virtualization Running multiple workstation operating systems on one computer MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 4

What Is Virtualization? (cont’d.) MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 5 Figure 11-1 Three virtual machines in one computer Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

What Is Virtualization? (cont’d.) Types of virtualization (cont’d.) –Application virtualization Running single applications in their own virtual machine environments –Storage virtualization Setting up multiple networked disk storage units to appear as one unit –Hardware or CPU virtualization Having virtualization processes work inside a specially designed CPU MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 6

What Is Virtualization? (cont’d.) Types of virtualization (cont’d.) –Network virtualization Dividing a single network into multiple channels or bandwidths so it appears as multiple networks Virtual server software –Software that enables a computer to house two or more operating systems –Example: Windows Server 2008 running Hyper-V MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 7

What Is Virtualization? (cont’d.) Virtual server –Computer running virtual server software Virtual machine –Each instance of an operating system running within the software MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 8

Advantages of Virtual Servers Enables server consolidation Uses hardware effectively Provides hardware independence Enables using different operating systems on one computer Provides effective development environments Increases portability Offers business advantages MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 9

Ability to Consolidate Servers Reduce number of servers needed to run a business Server proliferation –Requires more work in maintaining servers Use of virtual servers –Enables an organization to consolidate servers into fewer physical computers –Saves money on personnel, space, security and energy MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 10

Faster Server Deployment Saves significant deployment time –For medium and large organizations that deploy many computers Live migration and ability to use operating system images –Enable quick set up of a virtual machine MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 11

Uses Hardware Effectively Make use of underutilized computers Less expensive to add CPUs, memory, and disk resources to one larger hardware platform –Than buying multiple computers MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 12

Enables Hardware Independence Operating system runs inside the virtual server Hardware primarily important to virtual server host operating system Advantages of freedom from hardware compatibility issues –Easier disaster recovery –Smoother hardware upgrades MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 13

Ability to Use Multiple Operating Systems Many organizations use a combination of operating systems –Such as Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2008, Linux, and UNIX Virtualization enables: –Reducing number of servers with different operating systems MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 14

Provides Effective Development Environments Organizations may purchase separate computers for software development and testing –Significant time spent adapting development software to a new computer system Software packages can use a virtual machine to test the packages before bringing them into production MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 15

Increases Portability Faster to port to another computer System Center Virtual Machine Manager (VMM) –Helps with portability and in managing multiple computers with virtual machines Virtual Server Migration Toolkit (VSMT) –Make an image of a server and set up that image on a new virtual machine Import and export tools –Native tools that are automatically available in Hyper- V Manager MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 16

Offers Business Advantages Lower hardware costs Lower utility bills, including costs for running computers, air conditioning, and heating Reduced staff costs Reduced costs for space Reduced software development costs Reduced software implementation costs Reduced costs for implementing systems on new hardware More disaster recovery options MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 17

Disadvantages of Virtualization Server hardware can be a single point of failure –Build in hardware fault tolerance and disaster recovery Backing up all of the virtual machines on a single computer can be a much slower process –Compared to backing up a single server with a single operating system and no virtual machines MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 18

Features of Hyper-V Ability to load 32-bit and 64-bit operating systems Option to load Windows Server and Linux operating systems on the same computer 64-bit performance for faster response, manageability, and security Support for SMP computers Enhanced access of the CPU, video, disk, and networking capabilities of the host computer Supports a computer with up to 1 TB of RAM MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 19

Features of Hyper-V (cont’d.) Enables up to 384 virtual machines Supports a variety of attached storage devices Supports storage area networks Can perform network load balancing Can scale up to larger and faster hardware platforms and capabilities MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 20

Features of Hyper-V (cont’d.) Provides the Hyper-V Manager for installation and management of virtual servers Can take advantage of AMD-V and Intel VT CPU technology Can take virtual machine snapshots of a particular virtual server state Designed so that third-party vendors can develop tools and specialized utilities for Hyper-V MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 21

Requirements of Hyper-V x64 computer Processor with AMD-V or Intel VT 64-bit version of Windows Server 2008 with Hyper-V included –Standard Edition, Enterprise Edition, or Datacenter Edition Clean installation of the operating system –Not really required, but highly recommended by Microsoft Data Execution Prevention (DEP) enabled MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 22

Guest Operating Systems Supported Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 Release 2 (R2) Standard, Enterprise, Datacenter, and Web Server (x86 or x64) Windows HPC Server 2008 Windows Small Business Server 2008 and Windows Essential Business Server 2008 (x64 versions) Windows Server 2003 and Windows Server 2003 Release 2 (R2) Standard, Enterprise, Datacenter, and Web Server with SP1 or SP2 (x86 or x64) MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 23

Guest Operating Systems Supported (cont’d.) Windows Small Business Server 2003 (Standard and Premium Editions) Windows 2000 Server and Windows 2000 Advanced Server (with Service Pack 4) Windows 2000 Professional (with Service Pack 4) Windows XP Professional (x86 with Service Pack 3) and Windows XP Professional (x64 with Service Pack 2) MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 24

Guest Operating Systems Supported (cont’d.) Windows 7 Professional, Ultimate, and Enterprise (x86 and x64) Windows Vista Business, Ultimate, and Enterprise (x86 and x64) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server version 10 and above (x86 and x64; with Service Pack 1) SUSE Linux versions up through version 10 (x86 and x64; with Service Pack 1) MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 25

Installing Hyper-V Hyper-V role –Installed through Initial Configuration Tasks window or Server Manager Activity 11-1: Installing Hyper-V –Objective: Learn how to install Hyper-V MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 26

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 27 Figure 11-3 Create Virtual Networks window Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

Using Hyper-V Manager With Hyper-V Manager you can: –Install virtual machines –Configure virtual machines –Manage virtual machines, including starting and stopping them –Manage network communications through virtual machines –Configure how virtual machines use the hardware available to them –Troubleshoot virtual machines MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 28

Installing Windows Server 2008 as a Virtual Machine Use the New Virtual Machine Wizard –Specify: Amount of RAM to allocate to the virtual machine Network interface to use for the virtual machine Virtual disk to use Activity 11-2: Installing Windows Server 2008 as a Virtual Machine in Hyper-V –Objective: Learn how to create a virtual machine and install Windows Server 2008 in that virtual machine MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 29

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 30 Figure 11-4 Hyper-V Manager Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 31 Figure 11-6 Connect Virtual Hard Disk window Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

Managing a Virtual Machine from the Connection Window Manage tasks from menu and button bars in the connection window First press CTRL+ALT+LEFT ARROW Menu bar options in connection window –File –Action –Media –Clipboard –View –Help MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 32

Managing a Virtual Machine from the Connection Window (cont’d.) Button bar options: –Press CTRL+ALT+DEL –Start the virtual machine –Turn off the virtual machine –Shut down the operating system –Save the current settings and shut down –Pause or reset the virtual machine –Take a snapshot to save the current virtual machine state –Revert to the last snapshot MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 33

Managing a Virtual Machine from the Connection Window (cont’d.) Activity 11-3: Shutting Down and Restarting a Virtual Machine –Objective: Learn how to shut down and restart a virtual machine MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 34

Managing a Virtual Machine from the Connection Window (cont’d.) MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 35 Figure Shutting down Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

Hyper-V Manager Configuration Options Right pane in Hyper-V Manager –Create a new virtual machine, add a new hard disk, and add a new floppy disk –Import a virtual machine from another computer –Configure the settings for Hyper-V –Configure the settings for virtual networks –Edit virtual disk settings via the Edit Virtual Hard Disk Wizard MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 36

Hyper-V Manager Configuration Options (cont’d.) Right pane in Hyper-V Manager (cont’d.) –Inspect a virtual disk –Start or stop the Hyper-V service –Refresh the Hyper-V view in all three panes –Remove a server –Configure the view –Manage a specific virtual machine MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 37

Hyper-V Manager Configuration Options (cont’d.) Manage specific virtual machine from the right pane –Options depend on if the virtual machine is started Configuring Virtual Networking Options –Virtual network Network on which virtual machines communicate through virtual links –Virtual networking options using Hyper-V Manager’s Virtual Network Manager External virtual network Internal virtual network Private virtual network MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 38

Hyper-V Manager Configuration Options (cont’d.) MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 39 Figure Virtual Network Manager Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

Hyper-V Manager Configuration Options (cont’d.) Activity 11-4: Using Virtual Network Manager –Objective: Explore Virtual Network Manager MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 40

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 41 Figure Viewing the external virtual network properties Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

Hyper-V Manager Configuration Options (cont’d.) Configuring Hardware Options –Add new hardware –BIOS boot order –Memory –Processors –Disk controllers –Network adapter –Serial ports –Diskette drive MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 42

Hyper-V Manager Configuration Options (cont’d.) Activity 11-5: Configuring Hardware –Objective: Configure the hardware associated with a virtual machine MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 43

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 44 Figure Configuring physical memory used by a virtual machine Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 45 Figure Configuring processors Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

Hyper-V Manager Configuration Options (cont’d.) Taking a Snapshot –Save a snapshot of the current state of a virtual machine –Saves information Processor state, memory contents, virtual machine data and settings, and virtual machine configuration –Intended for test situations and not as a replacement for backing up a live server MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 46

Hyper-V Manager Configuration Options (cont’d.) MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 47 Figure Taking a snapshot Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

Summary Server virtualization –Running multiple server operating systems on a single server computer –Has advantages and disadvantages –Accomplished using Hyper-V Installed as a role through Server Manager Hyper-V Manager –Start, stop, and manage multiple virtual machines –Configure a virtual network, hardware allocated to a virtual machine, and take snapshots MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646) 48