Copyright 2007, Workflow Management Coalition Standards Overview Keith Swenson Technical Committee Chairman WfMC Vice President of R&D Fujitsu Computer Systems

Standards Landscape Collaboration Agreement Process Model Diagram UML Activity Diagrams BPMN 1.0 Repository & Discovery UDDI Assurance WS-SecuritySAML Process Model Definition/Storage Formats ebXML BPSS ebXML CPA/CPP Transport Reliability ebXML-RMWS-RM... Transport Layer HTTPJMS... Encoding SOAP / Attachments WS-Addressing Data Definition XML-Schema Service End Point Definition WSDL Service Orchestration Choreography Definition WS-CDL BPEL Monitoring & Audit WfMC IF5 1.0 (CWAD) Runtime Interaction Wf-XML 1.0 WfMC WAPI Presentation XForms Service/ Human Interaction BPEL4P eople Near Completion Stable Under Development Ideation Stage BPMN 1.1 Process Model Semantics BPDM 1.0 Proprietary (e.g. MQSeries) Wf-XML 2.0 WfMC IF5 2.0 (XWAD) BPRI BPMN 2.0 (BPDM 2) JSFWS-RP XPDL 2.1 RosettaNet PIPs

Standards Landscape discuss today XPDL 2.1 BPEL Wf-XML 1.0 Wf-XML 2.0 BPMN 1.0 BPMN 1.1

Workflow / BPM Reference Model

Design & Deploy Workflow / BPM Reference Model BPMN XPDL BPEL Standard Application Integration SOAP REST

BPMN: Business Process Modeling Notation Defines the way the process LOOKS Provides a dictionary of standard shapes with particular meanings Consistent use of shape/meaning benefits everyone: reduces the learning curve, training on shapes is useful for multiple products

XPDL: XML Process Definition Language The FILE FORMAT for a process definition Exchange process definitions between –Different BPM/Workflow Products –Process Modelling/ Simulation tools and BPM/Workflow Products –Supported by more than 70 commercial BPA/ BPM products and interoperability demonstrated; use of tools that support the standard ensures that you are not locked in to any particular vendor Full support for BPMN

BPEL: Business Process Execution Language Powerful programming language for Web service orchestration and XML manipulation Oriented toward building composite applications, not necessarily BPM Inflated expectations in media to be universal process language; now disillusioned No support for human activities –Look to BPEL4People effort to add this No sub-processes –Look to BPEL Subprocess effort to add this No on-the-fly process modifications

Process Design Ecosystem Vendor F Vendor E SOA Design Workflow Design Vendor C Vendor D Vendor B Vendor A Process DiscoveryProcess Simulation Process Execution Process Modeling Process Model Repository Process Optimization Process Execution Executable Model Repository (e.g. XPDL) Executable Model Repository (e.g. BPEL) ◄ Wf-XML ► X Discovery Ownership/Issue Resources/Time Goals/Strategies Tool- specific Capabilities User Needs Process Structure is shared by all tools Execution environments have different strengths, no model exchange at this level People Integration Limited Portability BPMN

Workflow / BPM Reference Model BPMN XPDL SOAP BPEL REST Process Distribution & Federation Wf-XML BPAF Workcast

Wf-XML: Runtime Integration Sales Process on Server A DraftAprove Legal Review Close Contract Specialist Tort Specialist Exec Analyst Legal Review Process on Server B Wf-XML based on SOAP or REST Standard Protocol between process engines allows one process to reuse another across technologies.

Consider BLOG Based Conversations Keith’s Blog Sandy’s Blog Bruce’s Blog conversation thread Individual blog posts

Implications Each blog is on a different server References are made between server Conversation threads knit servers together. No security problem (each person guards their own servers and their own posts.) Cost of system born by poster Style of post controlled by poster Scalability: extremely huge!

Distributed Federated Workflow / BPM Accounting Server Development Server Management Server Process Instances subprocess

Implications Process Fragements on different servers Wf-XML links knit servers together. No security problem (people start process fragments only on own server.) Cost of system born by people wanting and implementing a process fragment. Process definition controlled by owner Scalability: extremely huge!

Large Scale Federated Workflow Business Process Intelligence Warehouse BPMS Servers Worklist Users BPAF Wf-XML WorkCast

Business Process Analytics Format Business Process Intelligence Warehouse BPMS Servers BPAF Standardized Event Format –XML Syntax –Defined Attribute Semantics Process State Model Activity State Model Transfer –As a stream –On demand

Workcast Protocol BPMS Servers Worklist Users WorkCast Based on RSS & Atom Feed –Aggregates –Syndicates Extended with –Due Date –Priority –Activity State –Assignee –Etc.

Consistent Global ID is critical: OpenID Business Process Intelligence Warehouse BPMS Servers Worklist Users BPAF Wf-XML WorkCast OpenID

Delegation & Authentication: OAuth BPMS Servers Worklist Users Wf-XML OpenID Server1 access Server2 on user’s behalf OAuth protocol Secure API Authentication

Large Scale Federated Workflow Summary Multiple Servers, Federated Processes Collecting WorkItems (Workcast) Collecting History (BPAF) Consistent Identity (OpenID) Security (OAuth) Scalability: Incredibly Huge! BPAF Wf-XML WorkCast

Workflow / BPM Reference Model BPMN XPDL SOAP BPEL REST Wf-XML BPAF Workcast

BPM In Practice: A Primer for BPM & Workflow Standards All of this and more is covered in this new book from Keith Swenson and Robert Shapiro available at: See the related blog at:

Process Thought Leadership