Careers in Science and Engineering OR Everything you might never hear about cool science careers that we want you to know! Part II Developed by Emily Dunkel, Mark Hartman GK-12 Fellows: Harvard University & CRLS Sponsored by National Science Foundation

Engineering Last time, we discussed science jobs…. now we will learn about Engineers! Last time, we discussed science jobs…. now we will learn about Engineers! Engineers are applied scientists. Engineers are applied scientists. –They apply scientific knowledge to practical problems. Engineering is the second largest profession in America (teaching is the first). Engineering is the second largest profession in America (teaching is the first). –1,400,000 engineers –500,000 medical doctors –100,000 biologists

Engineering “Scientists discover the world that exists; engineers create the world that never was.” “Scientists discover the world that exists; engineers create the world that never was.” –Theodore Von Karman (aerospace engineer) Engineers turn scientific discoveries into useful products. Engineers turn scientific discoveries into useful products.

Engineers Engineers…. Engineers…. –are creative and analytical –enjoy problem solving –are interested in cutting edge technology Engineers make new things and make old things better. Engineers make new things and make old things better.

Engineering Engineering jobs require varying levels of education. Engineering jobs require varying levels of education. Engineering Technician: Engineering Technician: –Associate Degree (2-year degree) –average salary: $28,000-$47,000 per year Engineering: Engineering: –BS College Degree (Bachelor of Science) –$42,000-75,000 Research and Development Engineer: Research and Development Engineer: – PhD degree (Doctor of Philosophy) –$75,000+

Engineering Technicians assist engineers and scientists assist engineers and scientists Compared to engineers, their work is…. Compared to engineers, their work is…. –more practical –less theoretical –narrower in scope 43% of technicians work in electronics 43% of technicians work in electronics

Education for Engineering Technician Jobs High School Preparation: High School Preparation: –science, math, computer courses Beyond High School: Beyond High School: –2 year degree in engineering technology –or Military training

Engineers BS Engineering Degree BS Engineering Degree –Required –Takes 4-5 years Masters Degree Masters Degree –Increases job opportunities –Takes 1-2 years PhD PhD –Required for jobs in research and development, and professorships –Takes 5 or more years –PhD students typically get paid to go to school

What is a College Degree Worth? (from cnn.com 2/04) Major Major –Computer Engineering –Chemical Engineering –Electrical Engineering –Mechanical Engineering –Computer Science –Industrial Engineer –Accounting –Civil Engineer –Economics / Finance –Business Administration –Nursing –Marketing –Liberal Arts Majors (as a group) STARTING salary STARTING salary –$53,000 –$50,000 –$49,000 –$48,000 –$42,000 –$41,000 –$37,000 –$36,000 –$30,000

Engineering Fields The field of engineering offers more options than any other discipline! The field of engineering offers more options than any other discipline! Each type of engineering field needs: Each type of engineering field needs: –technicians –engineers –research and development engineers

Mechanical / Aerospace Mechanical and Aerospace Engineers design and develop machines Mechanical and Aerospace Engineers design and develop machines Mechanical Engineers: Mechanical Engineers: –air conditioning and refrigeration –automotives –robotics Aerospace Engineers: Aerospace Engineers: –commercial airplanes –fighter jets –space telescopes

Civil / Architectural Engineers Civil Engineering is one of the largest branches in engineering Civil Engineering is one of the largest branches in engineering –bridges –dams –roads Architectural Engineers work alongside Architects Architectural Engineers work alongside Architects –building structure –ventilation –lighting

Chemical / Environmental Chemical Engineers turn raw materials into products Chemical Engineers turn raw materials into products –pharmaceuticals –petroleum –plastics –make-up Environmental Engineers prevent and fix environmental problems Environmental Engineers prevent and fix environmental problems –reduce air pollution –reduce use of pesticides

Electrical / Computer Electrical engineers move information from place to place Electrical engineers move information from place to place –cellphones –satellite transmissions –television Computer engineers deal with design and operation of computer systems Computer engineers deal with design and operation of computer systems –networks –software –hardware

Bio / Biomedical A relatively new field of engineering A relatively new field of engineering Bioengineers bring engineering into the fields of biology and medicine Bioengineers bring engineering into the fields of biology and medicine –medical instruments –artificial organs –prosthetic devices

Industrial / Management Industrial Engineers make the production process work more safely and economically Industrial Engineers make the production process work more safely and economically Engineering Managers administer large engineering projects and budgets Engineering Managers administer large engineering projects and budgets

Engineering There is a lot of crossover between the different fields. There is a lot of crossover between the different fields. There are many options in engineering. There are many options in engineering. Who knows what new and exciting subfields will develop! Who knows what new and exciting subfields will develop!

If you forget everything else, remember this! The skills you develop in science classes are VERY widely applicable and valuable. The skills you develop in science classes are VERY widely applicable and valuable. Satisfying, well-paying jobs in science and engineering are available at ALL levels of education. Satisfying, well-paying jobs in science and engineering are available at ALL levels of education. Attempting higher degrees opens many more doors for interesting jobs and higher pay. Attempting higher degrees opens many more doors for interesting jobs and higher pay. If you don’t do it, who will be the engineers and scientists in the future?