Unit 3 – Biochemistry Notes - Proteins. Proteins are made up of: –Nitrogen –Carbon –Hydrogen –Oxygen Proteins are polymers of molecules called amino acids.

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Presentation transcript:

Unit 3 – Biochemistry Notes - Proteins

Proteins are made up of: –Nitrogen –Carbon –Hydrogen –Oxygen Proteins are polymers of molecules called amino acids

Polymer –A large compound formed from many monomers Monomer –A single molecule that can combine with others To remember what a monomer and polymer is, think of carbohydrates: –Monosaccharide = 1 sugar molecule –Monomer = 1 molecule –Polysaccharide = 3 or more monosaccharides –Polymer = 3 or more monomers

Amino Acids –Compounds with an amino group (- NH 2 ) at one end and a carboxyl (acid) group (- COOH) at the other end

Amino Acids (cont.) –Total of 20 different amino acids that are different by the R-group (side chain) Otherwise they are identical (follow the same pattern) –How amino acids are arranged into many different proteins is stored in DNA

Proteins 5 Main Jobs 1.Control the Rate of Reactions 2.Regulate Cell Processes 3.Form Bones and Muscles 4.Transport Substances into or out of Cells 5.Help to Fight Disease

Types of Proteins 1.Enzymes 2.Hormones 3.Structural 4.Transporters 5.Disease Fighters

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