Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab Room Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 1 Distributed Applications Services For E-business Part I

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 2 In this session… l E-business Definitions E-business Models –Distributed product development scenario –Virtual organisations E-business patterns Requirements l Distributed Applications and Convergence l Emerging web development technologies –Thin versus Thick Clients Scripting languages –Server side –Client side –Active Server Pages (ASP) vs Java Server Pages (JSP)

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 3 Definitions l E-Business Whole or part of an organisation’s business activities are mediated by ICT. E-Commerce –The purchases of goods, services and/or financial transactions mediated by ICT. E-work M-Commerce l Few acronyms: B2B, C2B, B2C P2P – sharing and interchanging resources with each other, A2A l Etc. Source: SAP web site

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 4 E-Business Environment

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 5 E-Business Models Reactive ModeProactive Mode Extended Value Chain – Supply chain Contract Bidding model – Demand chain Intermediary, 3 rd party – Brokerage Buy/Sell, B2B, B2C Demand Aggregation, Virtual Mall, Auction broker – Advertising, Infomediary – Integration Search, Negotiation, Bargaining, Monitoring and Control. Service and solutions providers – Merchant, Manufacturer: – Affiliate: IEEE, IEE, BCS, etc. – Subscription, ISP, Communication New product/service development – Market research Discover and publish – Research and Develop Develop and publish

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 6 E-Business Hurdles #1 l Corporate Culture Lack of knowledge Lack of vision – opportunities and threats Lack of trust -- understanding risk, IPR, get paid l Organisational Lack of knowledge and qualified personnel Lack of executive awareness Understanding cost of entry l Technological Lack of interoperation between E-business application and legacy systems and data Lack of interoperation between IT systems of E-business partners Lack of standards –business, –data/knowledge interchange, –Software and hardware

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 7 E-Business Hurdles #2 l Fraud Lack of –Security, privacy, user authentication, authorisation and integrity –International access -- trade barriers –Trust and risk of loss Legal issues –contracts, IPR, liability, etc. l Workpractices Lack of business models Lack of customer needs –Relationship Satisfaction and worries not just an IP address and/or Credit Card Number l Other Scalability Complementary resources, capabilities including; access to relationships, facilities, people, and knowledge

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 8 ComplexityCustomerRelationshipManagement Supply Chain Management

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 9 Key Requirements l Marketplace Technology Requirements More efficient use of IT resources including;More efficient use of IT resources including; –Computing, storage, –applications, data, etc. –Flexible integration Low-cost industrial strength infrastructure with dependable properties including;Low-cost industrial strength infrastructure with dependable properties including; –High-availability, reliability –High-security, etc. Applications, people, technology, etc.Applications, people, technology, etc. Freedom of deploymentFreedom of deployment –Distributed either centralized or decentralised, –Owned and/or outsourced, etc. Ubiquitous and open architecture l Standards More on this later on l Other

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 10 Standard & Specifications l Initiatives XML – Open Application Group – –BizTalk Framework A set of guidelines application integration through use of; –Publish XML schemas –Use XML messages Leveraging existing data models, solutions, and application infrastructure - and adapt them for e-commerce. RosettaNet initiative: –E-business common protocols for trading-partners to; sharing “real-time” business information business relationships – dynamic partnering Integration of disparate purchasing/business practices. Open Catalogue –Specifications to address problems of e-catalogues interoperability. Web Services

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 11 POLICY PKI TPA Compliance SPECS. IT Specific Dictionary and PIPs Network Protocols Base Spec. PIP Metamodel PIP Design patterns Network Component Communications Reference Model EC Specific Dictionary and PIPs RNIF LAYERS Core Common Supply Chain XML Framework Dictionary Internet PIP eProcess EC Application Implementation Framework

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 12 IBM Framework for E-Business

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 13 Structure of the IBM Patterns for e- business

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 14 Building Blocks l Infrastructure Carrier ($4K/month), Web Hosting ($6K/month) Router ($100K), Web Server, App Server($100K) Database Server (100 K), Storage (100K – 300Gb) Load Balancing, Security, Caching (100K) l Applications Content Management, Personalization Transaction Engine, Ad Serving Site Analysis, Campaign Management Customer Support l Integration Application Integration including; Web and legacy systems Sales Systems Integration, Supply Chain Integration Financials l Fulfillment

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 15 Architecture

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 16 E-Business Applications Layers Source: RosettaNet

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 17 E-Business Protocols Source: RosettaNet

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 18 Example: Portal Services Source: [3] IBM paper.

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 19 Evolution of Applications Architectures Mainframe Thick Client Thin Client OS and Platform Dependent Dependent MonolithicApplicationMonolithicApplicationHostedApplicationHostedApplication PlatformindependentPlatformindependent Dependent Dependent DistributedApplicationDistributedApplication Dependent Dependent DesktopApplicationDesktopApplication PlatformindependentPlatformindependent OS, Plat., Interface independent independent Distributed Applications Server-based Applications Services-based Applications

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 20 2-Tier Architecture SOURCE: FOURNIER TIER 1: CLIENT TIER 2: SERVER Server performs all processing Web Server Application Server Database Server Does not scale. Server does too much work.

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 21 3-Tier Architecture Source: Cynthia McFall, “An object infrastructure for Internet middleware”, IEEE Internet Computing, March-April 1998, pp.46-51

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 22 N-Tier Architecture

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 23 From Centralised to Decentralised Systems #1

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 24 Decentralised Systems #2

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 25 Application Service Providers l Outsourcing Mechanism Enterprise Apps, Collaborative Apps, Personal Productivity Apps Web Hosting and Outsourcing of –Location of equipment –Server Equipment (Web, Database..) –Networking Equipment –Storage, Backup, Security Web Content Delivery –Mirroring and Caching require significant infrastructure investments –Outsourcing can be more cost-effective l Application sourced externally Mail.com handles for many sites l Economies of Scale, Scope Leverage market efficiency..competition Minimize Capital Costs

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 26 l SAN Definition Multiple paths to each resource Any-to-any connections Open structure using industry standard protocol No node dependencies, Fault tolerant. Optimised for large block transfers High bandwidth and high availability Scales up with no performance loss Storage Attached Network

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 27 Server Clusters and web-hosting

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 28 Some Applications

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 29 Enabling Technology

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 30 Next lecture... l Brief introduction to Java l Overview of XML l Web applications using Java and XML l An example web application services l Tutorial session

Prof. A. Taleb-Bendiab, Module: Contemporary issues in IT – Application Service Provision and E-Business, Code: CMSCB3005, Lecture: 1, Date: 02/06/2015, Page: 31 Conclusions l Increasing use of web technology Constant ICT evolution Http becoming the ubiquitous protocol l Need for new software development approaches and tools l New application architectures