Introduction to Shakespeare 莎翁 莎劇 簡介 董 崇 選 中山醫大 應用外語系 教授 「懂更懂 學習英文 網站」負責人 網址：

The Universality of Shakespeare: 莎翁 之 普世永恆 We look into Shakespeare’s plays and find ourselves. Shakespeare is “a poet of nature.” --Samuel Johnson Shakespeare has “a comprehensive soul.” --John Dryden

Records of Shakespeare’s Life: 莎翁簡要生平登載 born April 26 at Stratford-on-Avon married Anne Hathwey of Straford had Susanna had Hamnet & Judeth began to write plays (I Henry VI) died on April 23, the day of Saint George

III. Shakespeare’s England: London: St. Paul’s, Mayor, riots, plague, sanitation Country Life: parish, squire, parson, farmers, roads, family life Religion: the Church of England, Bishops, ministers, “living,” tithe Organization of the State: the Queen, Privy Council, Noblemen (Earl, Viscount, Baron), Earl of Essex (Robert Devereux), knights & gentlemen; Parliament

III. Shakespeare’s England: Crime and Punishment: hanging, burned alive, drawn and quartered, pressing to death. The Gunpowder Plot The Wars: defeating the Spanish Armada in 1588, the war ceased in 1603 when Queen Elizabeth died. Education: three great schools (St. Paul’s, Merchant Taylors, Westminster), grammar schools, the universities, the Inns of Court

III.Shakespeare’s England: Publication: about 200 publications came out each year, no newspapers, only pamphlets, carefully controlled, literary vogues, Bacon’s Essays. The Soldiers ： The Sailors ： The Travelers ：

IV. Elizabethan Drama: Mysteries 神跡戲 and Moralities 道德戲 最早劇場 : the Theater, the Curtain, the Blackfriars Theater, the Rose, the Globe Playhouse 業主名伶 : James Burbage, Edward Alleyn,etc. 同代名家： Thomas Kyd, Christopher Marlowe, Robert Greene, Ben Jonson, etc.

Shakespeare’s Works Totally 37 or 38 plays (The Two Noble Kinsmen), 154 sonnets, 2 long poems, etc. The plays are in blank verse ( 無韻体詩 ), prose ( 散文 ), rhymed verse ( 押韻詩 ), even sonnet ( 十四行詩 ) form. Plays include tragedies, comedies, histories, & romances ( 傳奇 ). Four Periods of Development.

Elizabethan playhouse, the stage

Elizabethan Playhouse, the Stage

Stratford-on-Avon