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Content Completed by Ruslana Bessonova group 688 Fundamentals of international tourism The concept, development stages, types of tourism. Value and functions of international tourism International tourism as a way for the international economy (for example, Europe) Trends and prospects in the international tourism industry in the Ukrainian economy Completed by Ruslana Bessonova group 688 Language supervisor – M.Nedogibchenko

The concept Tourism- a dynamic, evolving, consumer-oriented phenomenon. World Council of Travel and Tourism have the following characteristics of modern tourism: -is the largest industry in the world with approximately $ 3.5 trillion of working capital and includes components such as travel (cruises, buses, airplanes, cars, railways), accommodation (hotels and motels, conferences, exhibitions, meetings); food(restaurants, cafes, bars), rest and leisure (games, parks, entertainment, amusement). - A leading manufacturer of industrial products, whose contribution to the gross national product is 6.1%. -A leading taxpayer. -The employer 127 million people, ie approximately every 15 of all workers. -Fastest growing industry not only European but also the global economy.

Development stages For 40 - 90 years of the nineteenth century actively grow tourism activities: carried out the first tourist trips, published the first directory of hotels, appearing in European hotels, tourist companies and agencies that are emerging international tourism relations. The beginning of the twentieth century: improved transport, significantly expands the geographic area of ​​foreign tourism, held the first congress of the International Union of official organizations to promote tourism, overcoming the consequences of World War II, the tourism industry is reviving, and establishes the International Union of Official Travel Organizations (UITP). In the period 50-90 -ies is a significant rise of international tourism, tourism, the number of tourists traveling abroad is growing. In this way, international tourism is becoming an important part of international economic relations is becoming increasingly widespread. Tourist business is becoming more complicated, as it crossed the interests of various government and commercial enterprises and services. 

Types of tourism  Recreational  Tour  Researcher  Business  Ethnic

International tourism as a way for the international economy (for example, Europe) Foreign tourism is now one of the most dynamic economic sectors in France, Germany and Spain.  High level of urbanization, population density and education - factors affecting the tourist activity of the population. Europe's population is distinguished by ethnic and religious mosaic, a high level of education and spiritual culture. Tourism development in Europe contribute to the natural and geographical features of the region. In Europe, the journey turned into a feature of modern life. This contributes to economic and political stability in the region, the desire by governments to cooperate, including in the field of tourism.  Among 10 countries with the highest income from international tourism 7 are in Europe: Spain, France, Italy, Germany, Great Britain, Austria, Greece. And the list of 10 leading countries in tourism expenditure is also allocated 6 European countries: Germany, Britain, France, Italy, Netherlands, Austria. The region is, and the highest tourist activity.  Among the types of tourism developments in Europe, distinguished medical and health, business, religious, educational, informative, cruise (sea, river, lake). Most travelers to Europe will include in its holiday visiting various entertainment facilities and activities. 

Value and functions of international tourism In many countries, tourism is the most profitable economic activity and a significant source of export earnings and national economic growth. Thus, the share of tourism revenue in total revenue from exports of goods and services in Spain, Austria and Greece up to 25-30%, while in Cyprus and Panama - almost 50%. Tourism development gives the country the following benefits: Increase cash flow, including foreign exchange, and hence income growth; growth in gross national product (GNP); completion of the budget due to increased tax revenues of the host region and other income; creation of new jobs, i.e. increase employment; raise capital, including foreign, n multiplier effect - developing the tourism industry, the country gradually develops, and other sectors; infrastructure development; Reforming the structure of the rest, which can be used by both tourists and locals; Improving the quality of life of local residents due to the demonstration effect. on land and others. The disadvantages associated with the development of international tourism, include: rise in prices for local goods and services of natural resources and real estate; outflow of money overseas for tourism imports; the possibility of infringement of other industries; the seasonal nature of tourism; Environmental and social issues.

Value and functions of international tourism The impact of tourism on the country, region or tourist center is reduced to three basic factors for sustainable tourism development: 1) Environmental - Provides compatibility of tourism development with preservation of the environment and the diversity of biological resources, 2) socio-cultural - Provides compatibility with the development of culture and values of local population tourist recreations, and 3) economic - provides cost-effective development and management of resources in such a way that they "had enough" to future generations. Sustainable tourism is defined as an exemplary form of economic development, whose objectives are:  - Improving the quality of life of the host population;  - Ensuring a high level of impressions of the visitors;  - Maintaining the quality of the environment on which depend both on the host population and visitors.  The main economic functions of international tourism:  - Yield - Foreign trade (balance of tourism revenues and expenses on him)  - Increased economic diversification through the establishment of industries serving the tourism industry,  - job creation,  - leveling. 

Trends and prospects in the international tourism industry in the Ukrainian economy Tourism has a significant impact on Ukraine's economy, providing employment, maintaining the stability of balance of payments and stimulating the growth of GDP. Ukraine occupies a leading position in Europe in terms of availability of valuable natural healing and historical and cultural resources, which cause considerable interest among local and foreign tourists. At the international tourism market a national tourist product, and natural healing resources in Ukraine are estimated as less attractive and competitive than in other countries. Tourism and resorts at the state level do not play a significant role in the full realization of economic, social and humanitarian functions, preserving the natural environment and cultural heritage, filling the budgets of all levels, creating new jobs, increasing the share of services in GDP.

To improve the competitiveness of tourism and resorts in Ukraine need to strengthen the role of government in this area, while building an effective model of cooperation between state, business and society. Overcoming the existing negative trends, the creation of the systemic and complex conditions for the development of tourism and resorts, to improve the functional and technical quality of the components of the national and regional tourism products have become a priority to ensure continuous development of the country as a whole and a significant element in rising living standards  The need for state planning of tourism development in Ukraine is connected with a significant dependence of some regions of the tourism industry (the Crimea and the Carpathian Mountains) and the problems caused by the rapid development of tourism (e.g., protection of historical heritage and the environment in terms of mass tourism).  Experience of the European Union demonstrates the dominance of budget funding for individual projects and strategies for tourism development programs (e.g., construction projects and infrastructure, to develop new tourist spots and facilities such as data centers). Identifying sources of funding for tourism development is the basis for the successful implementation of development policies and programs. 

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