The Eumenides 2
The Eumenides: Plot (cont.) C. Pre-trial before Athena (397-489) 1. Athena’s introduction (397-414) a. She’s been away at Troy (397-404) b. Asks the identity of the litigants; note praise of Athens in 406 (404-414) 2. Eumenides present their case (415-435) a. Note their one-sided view (426-427) b. They entrust the case to Athena (433-435) 3. Orestes presents his case (436-469) a. He has been purified already (443-452) b. Tells the story and admits that he murdered his mother (452-464)
The Eumenides: Plot (cont.) c. Tells of Apollo’s role in the deed (465-467) d. Likewise entrusts the case to Athena (468-469) 4. Athena decides to create a court to decide the case (470-489) a. She recognizes that Orestes has been purified of the crime (470-475) b. She cannot ignore the Eumenides because they will harm Athens (476-481) c. She decides to create a court of the best citizens (481-484)
Areopagus from the North
Areopagus and Acropolis
Areopagus from the East
The Eumenides: Plot (cont.) D. 3rd Stasimon (490-565) 1. The fear the precedent (490-498) 2. If Orestes is acquitted the misery they cause is stripped of reason (499-515) 3. Suffering has a pedagogic/moral value (516-525) 4. They oppose the might-makes-right way of the world (526-549) 5. Right wins out; arrogant wrong is punished (550-565) E. The Trial (566-777) 1. The second chorus enters (566-573)
The Eumenides: Plot (cont.) 2. Apollo claims responsibility for Clytemnestra’s death and confirms that he cleansed Orestes (576-581) 3. Eumenides interrogate Orestes; note 605 (582-608) 4. Orestes appeals to Apollo for help (609-613) 5. Chorus interrogates Apollo (614-673) a. Apollo’s always speaks Zeus’ will (616-618) b. Zeus’ justice is strong (619-621) c. Sophistic argument: a mother isn’t really a parent; witness Athena (657-666) d. He will strengthen Athens (bribe) and make a lasting alliance between Argos and Athens (667-673) 6. Interrogation phase ends (674-680)
The Eumenides: Plot (cont.) 7. Athena creates the Areopagus (681-710) 8. Apollo and Eumenides exchange threats: he threatens them, they threaten Athens (711-733) 9. Athena votes for acquittal because she prefers males (734-743) 10. The votes are counted and Orestes is acquitted by a split vote (744-753) 11. Orestes thanks Athena, promises future alliance between Argos and Athens, exits (754-777) F. The Eumenides receive a new role (778-1047) 1. Eumenides complain and threaten; Athena offers them a place in the city (778-891) a. Eumenides will have their revenge on Athens (778-793)
The Eumenides: Plot (cont.) b. Athena offers them an alternative (794-807) c. They have been overpowered by younger gods and will punish the city (808-822) d. Athena reminds them she has access to Zeus’ power (824-829) e. They appeal to their mother, Night (837-847) f. Athena foretells Athens’ future glory (851-857) g. Eumenides finally won over (892-926) h. The Eumenides bless Athens as Athena establishes them as the correctors of Athenian behavior (927-995) i. They depart (996-1031) j. Another chorus joins in (1032-1047)
Orpheus and Eurydice Orpheus Eurydice The human originator of music and poetry. Please ignore everything you read of “Orphic” cults. Eurydice His new wife. Dies. The myth: Orpheus’ trip to Hades to rescue Eurydice.