USGBC – Indiana Chapter January 27, 2005 James Eflin AT&T Industrial Ecology Fellow Associate Professor Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management Energy Education Scholar Center for Energy Research/Education/Service Ball State University Muncie, IN

Industry + Ecology = Industrial Ecology Applying metaphors from ecology: Industrial Ecology Industrial Metabolism Industrial Symbiosis

Intentional evolution of material and energy flows toward a sustainable balance within an industrial eco-system Intentional evolution of material and energy flows toward a sustainable balance within an industrial eco-system Emphasizes dematerialization, design for environment, entropy reduction, life-cycle analysis, pollution prevention, zero emissions Emphasizes dematerialization, design for environment, entropy reduction, life-cycle analysis, pollution prevention, zero emissions

Flows of materials and energy through an industrial system or organization Mutual and beneficial exchanges of materials or energy between organizations

Uses “ecosystem” as a metaphor to address the complementary linkage potentials of resources used or affected by an institution Emphasizes systems analysis and thermodynamics to analyze, and provide recommendations for improving, the performance of institutions other than manufacturing or service industries.

It recognizes that impacts of a facility (building, campus, firm, institution) extend beyond the site. It moves beyond the parts toward understanding the whole. It embraces the full life-cycle of activities.

“…analysis of the throughput of process chains comprising the extraction or harvest, chemical transformation, manufacturing, consumption, recycling, and disposal of materials.’’ - S. Bringezu (2000)

Conceptualization of model/flows Baseline data collection Data analysis Alternative scenario simulations Performance improvements On-going monitoring

By spatial units –Buildings; landscaped areas; paved areas; etc. By user units –academic, administrative, support, other By users (groups) –Students; faculty; staff; vendors; visitors Activity realms –Instructional; administrative; recreational; athletics; entertainment; etc. Spatial boundaries –Trans-boundary (in, out); internally circulating Materials

Think paper! Think energy! Think food! Think water! ….and a lot more….

Materials targeted for data collection & analysis: Paper Food Fuels Electricity Water Wastewater Vehicle flows Other? Animation by Jackson Eflin

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Nearly 2.5 miles stacked in one pile 98 times the height of tallest building on campus (Shafer Tower) Laid out sheet-to-sheet, would stretch from New York to Los Angeles, back to New York and south to Washington 252 tons + 2 tons of wrapping + 50 tons of cardboard boxes

Analysis getting underway Primary energy: coal, natural gas, and oil for Heat Plant; gasoline, diesel, and bio- diesel for motor fleet; electricity Results may help inform decisions for replacement of aging Heat Plant (mixed- fuel a possibility, including biomass) Results may help guide decisions in replacing vehicles, policies for use

Yet to be addressed Wastewater Treatment facility (city-owned) reports a jump in wastewater flows by ~2 Mgal/day when BSU is in session (approx. 12%-15% increase over ‘base’ load)