8.2 Characteristics of a High Level Programming Language

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Presentation transcript:

8.2 Characteristics of a High Level Programming Language Programming languages Low level languages High level languages Many to one translation Hardware independence Application oriented General purpose Powerful abstraction

Characteristics of a Low Level Programming Language Low level languages One to one translation Hardware dependence System programming orientation Special purpose Few abstractions

8.4 Assembly language Many assembly languages exist, one for each processor. Despite differences, many assembly languages share the same fundamental structure. A programmer who understands the assembly programming paradigm can learn a new assembly language quickly

8.5 Assembly Language Syntax and Op-codes Statement format Op-code names there is no global agreement on op-code names even for basic operations Commenting conventions The assembly language often only defines a character that starts a comment

From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer. ISBN 0131491792. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer. ISBN 0131491792. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer. ISBN 0131491792. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

8.7 Register Names There is no universal standard for register references

From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer. ISBN 0131491792. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer. ISBN 0131491792. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

8.8 Operand types An assembly language provides a syntatic form for each possible type that the processor supports

From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer. ISBN 0131491792. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer. ISBN 0131491792. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer. ISBN 0131491792. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer. ISBN 0131491792. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer. ISBN 0131491792. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer. ISBN 0131491792. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

8.15 Assembly Code for Parameterized Procedure Invocation The details of argument passing vary widely among processors Uses a stack in memory Uses register windows Uses special purpose argument registers

From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer. ISBN 0131491792. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

8.18 Interaction between Assembly and High Level Languages The assembly program must follow the calling conventions that the high level language uses

From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer. ISBN 0131491792. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer. ISBN 0131491792. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

8.20 Two Pass Assembler An assembler merely provides a one to one translation of each statement in the source program to the equivalent binary form

From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer. ISBN 0131491792. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

8.21 Assembly Language Macros To use a macro facility, a programmer adds two types of items: Macro definitions Macro expansions

From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer. ISBN 0131491792. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer From Essentials of Computer Architecture by Douglas E. Comer. ISBN 0131491792. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.