1 Modelling Activities at LAC (PSI) in Switzerland Ş. Andreani-Aksoyo ğ lu, J. Keller, I. Barmpadimos, D. Oderbolz, A.S.H. Prévôt Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry (LAC) Paul Scherrer Institute, Switzerland TFMM Workshop, Larnaca May 2010

2 Components of the Air Quality Model Emissions Air Pollutant Concentrations Regional Air Quality Model Meteorology Initial and Boundary Concentrations (Old) COSMO MM5 CAMx 5 Global Models emCAMx (New) ECMWF WRF

3  The impact of reducing the maximum speed limit on motorways in Switzerland to 80 km/h on emissions and peak ozone (Keller et al., 2008, Environ.Mod & Soft.)  Influence of various emission scenarios on ozone in Europe (Andreani et al., 2008, Ecological Modelling)  Secondary aerosols in Switzerland and northern Italy: Modelling and sensitivity studies for summer (Andreani et al., 2008, JGR) Recent Applications

4 Ozone Formation (June 2006): Sensitivity to anthropogenic NO x and VOC emissions Comparison of ozone sensitivity Sensitivity to isoprene emissions Aerosol Formation (January, June 2006, January 2007): Inorganic Aerosols: Sensitivity to NO x and NH 3 emissions Organic Aerosols: Contribution of biogenic VOC emissions Most recent study : Most recent study : Modelling Summer and Winter Air Quality in Switzerland (Andreani et al., in prep.)

5 9x9 km 2 3x3 km 2 27 x 27 km 2  3 nested domains  1-31 January June January 2007  31 layers in MM5 14 layers in CAMx  PM2.5  CB05 gas -phase mechanism  7 SOA classes  Oligomerization of SOA Modelling Method

6 Ozone : Sensitivity to Precursor Emissions O 3 (50% NOx) - O 3 (50% VOC) Blue : NO x -sensitive Red : VOC-sensitive

7 Ozone : Sensitivity to Isoprene Emissions O 3 (isoprene x 20) - O 3 (Base Case)

8 Aerosols : Sensitivity to NO x, NH 3 emissions PM2.5 (50% NO x ) - PM2.5 (50% NH 3 ) 15 June 2006, afternoon Blue : NO x -sensitive Red : NH 3 -sensitive

9 Aerosols: Relative contributions Aerosols: Relative contributions (winter 2006, Zurich) MeasurementsModel predictions Organic aerosols and particulate nitrate are the main components

10 Aerosols: Relative contributions Aerosols: Relative contributions (summer 2006, Payerne) MeasurementsModel predictions Organic aerosols are the main components

11 Aerosols: Absolute contributions wintersummer

12 AROM: SOA from toluene and xylene ISP : SOA from isoprene TRP: SOA from monoterpenes SQT: SOA from sesquiterpenes POLB: oligomerized SOA from biogenic species (ISP, TRP) POLA: oligomerized SOA from anthropogenic species (AROM) Aerosols : Modelled Composition of SOA summer 2006 (Payerne)winter 2006 (Zurich)

13 Acknowledgements BAFU, ENVIRON, EMPA/NABEL, INFRAS, MeteoSwiss, Meteotest, FUB,TNO, UBA, ACCENT, M. Schultz, M. R. Alfarra

14 Anthropogenic emissions Emission Inventories Europe UBA/FUB/TNO Lombardy CityDelta Switzerland INFRAS, Meteotest, TRACT Biogenic emissions isoprene from oak trees, spruce and grassland (irradiation and temperature dependent) monoterpenes from conifers (temperature dependent) sesquiterpenes 10% of monoterpene emissions Nitrogen oxide from soils

15 Gas-phase chemistry  CB05 mechanism :156 reactions, 90 species  SAPRC99 mechanism: 217 reactions, 77 species Aerosol Chemistry  Aqueous sulfate and nitrate formation RADM  Partitioning of condensable organic gases to secondary organic aerosols SOAP (7 SOA classes)  Partitioning of inorganic aerosol constituents ISORROPIA  Oligomerization Size distribution fine/coarse or sectional Chemistry in CAMx

16 Biogenic Emission Model ISP CG3 SQT TRP CG4 CG5 CG6 CG7 SOA3 SOA4 SOA5 SOA6 SOA7 SOPB SOPA Updated SOA module in CAMx Y3Y3 Y4Y4 Y5Y5 Y6Y6 Y7Y7 c*3c*3 c*4c*4 c*5c*5 c*6c*6 c*7c*7 Isoprene Monoterpenes Sesquiterpenes Oxygenated semi-volatile organic compounds FPOLY Anthro Emiss TOLA XYLA CG1 CG2 Toluene Xylene Y 1a Y 2a Y 1b Y 2b SOA1 SOA2 c*1c*1 c*2c*2