© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 1 מהפכת המידע, עידן המידע פרופ' שיזף רפאלי ביה"ס למוסמכים במינהל עסקים אוניברסיטת חיפה

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Presentation transcript:

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 1 מהפכת המידע, עידן המידע פרופ' שיזף רפאלי ביה"ס למוסמכים במינהל עסקים אוניברסיטת חיפה

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 2 ראשי הפרקים zמהו "עידן המידע", ואיך נדע ש"הגענו“? zמהם המימדים החשובים של הסדר וההסדר החברתי בעידן זה? zלאור אלה, מהם תפקידי המשפט והממשל (עמדה ומבט מזווית ה"קורבן")

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 3 הגדרות לעידן המידע zמידע כקלט עיקרי ורב, היצף המידע zמידע כפלט עיקרי zמאטומים לביטים zהגדרות אחרות?

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 4 מידע כקלט עיקרי ורב zLyman & Varian, 2000: “How Much Information”

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 5 מידע כקלט עיקרי ורב (2) zעודף, היצף מידע zDavid Shenk: DataSmog zJ.S. Brown & Paul Duguid : The Social Life of Information zC. Borgmann: Gutenberg to Global Info Infr. zראה גם אדם ברוך, מעריב 27 באוקטובר

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 6 מידע כקלט עיקרי ורב (2) Where is the life we have lost in living? Where is the wisdom we have lost in knowledge? Where is the knowledge we have lost in information? -- T. S. Eliot, Choruses from 'The Rock,' I … and where is the information lost in data Where are the data lost in random symbols

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 7 מידע כפלט עיקרי zMachlup, Porat, Toffler, Gilder, Gore

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 8 מידע כפלט עיקרי (2) zNetwork Externalities zNetwork utility (Metcalfe’s Law) zCompetition and Monopoly zBundling zTransaction and Agency Costs zSwitching Costs zBarriers to Entry z“Winner Takes All” Shapiro and Varian Information Rules, Elkin-Koren & Salzberger “Law and Economics in CyberSpace” Economist “E-Conomy Survey”

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 9 From Atoms to Bits מאטומים לביטים השינוי המרכזי הוא מעבר ממרכזיותם של המוחשי והפיזי למרכזיות הייצוגי והסמלי Negroponte: Being Digital

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 10 From Atoms to Bits מאטומים לביטים (2) zמשאב עיקרי: חומר ואנרגיה או נתונים ייצוג ומידע? zמעבר משמות עצם לפעלים Nouns to verbs zחוק המחסור ותפוקה שולית פוחתת או "זה נהנה וזה איננו חסר" ותפוקה שולית עולה

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 11 From Atoms to Bits מאטומים לביטים (3)  Economy and Economics of Scarcity or Economy and Economics of Abundance  Intellectual assets and property depreciate while intellectual processes and services appreciate. “Information consumption is nonrivalrous, and the use of information cannot be efficiently excluded …because [it] has no physical boudaries and its duplication and distribution involve relatively low costs… The marginal costs of exclusion are relatively lower than the marginal costs of provision.” (Elkin-Koren & Salzberger) Information wants to be free

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 12 הגדרות אחרות z“Death of Distance”? z“Glocalization”? zDisintermediation? z“Virtual Community”? z“The Fourth Discontinuity”? zAlienation, Loneliness?

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 13 מהם המימדים החשובים להגדרה מחדש(?) של סדר והסדרים חברתיים? zריבוי מדיה / ריבוי חושים zהייפרטקסט – ביטול הליניאריות zגמישות הסינכרוניות zזמינות התיעוד ורישום (logs) zאינטראקטיביות zגלובאליזציה zמיתוג מנות

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 14 ומהי המשמעות לחקיקה ופעולת הממשלה?

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 15 חקיקה למיניה yThe Consumer Internet Privacy Act yThe Federal Internet Privacy Protection Act yThe Communications Privacy and Consumer Empowerment Act yThe Data Privacy Act

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 16 חקיקה למיניה ( 2) yElectronic Theft (NET) Act yDigital Copyright Clarification and Technology Education Act yOnline Copyright Liability Limitation Act yDigital Millennium Copyright Act

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 17 חקיקה למיניה ( 3) zChild Online Protection Act zInternet Tax Freedom Act zFamily Friendly Internet Access Act zInternet Protection Act zInternet School Filtering Act

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 18 חקיקה למיניה ( 4) yThe Electronic Mailbox Protection Act yThe Unsolicited Commercial Electronic Mail Act yThe Netizens Protection Act yThe Telephone Consumer Protection Act yUniform Electronic Transactions Act

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 19 תחומי פעילות למחוקק zPrivacy zIntellectual Property (and “fair use”) zContract law (shrink wraps, escrow and trust, etc.) zFree Speech zTaxation zConsumer Protection zProtecting Children (other “special groups”) zEncryption, Digital Signatures zExtending property notions (identity, name, phone number?) zTruth in advertising, business practice zFreedom of Information zInternational relations zGovernance (domain names, pipelines) zSpamming

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 20 חקיקה ורגולציה לטכנולוגיה? כוחות השוק (החופשי) The (Free) Market חקיקה (ופסיקה) The Law Architecture (Code) נורמות Norms גישתו של Lessig “East Coast” vs. “West Coast” CODE

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 21 חקיקה ורגולציה לטכנולוגיה? כוחות השוק (החופשי) The (Free) Market חקיקה (ופסיקה) The Law Architecture (Code) נורמות Norms גישתו של Lessig

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 22 חקיקה ורגולציה לטכנולוגיה? האלטרנטיבה של J.P. Barlow “the practical absence of law”  מערכות יחסים Relationships  נוחות Convenience  אינטראקטיביות Interactivity  שרות Service  אתיקה Ethics “Give up regarding our ideas as a form of property”

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 23 מה משותף לנושאים/תחומים הבאים: zמסלול סיבוב כדור הארץ על צירו zהגלולה למניעת הריון zהגלולה ל"בוקר שאחרי” (RU486) zשימוש באלכוהול zצנזורה מוסרית על סרטים ומחזות zהשפה הנוהגת (Lingua Franca) zהצפנה zזכויות יוצרים? zפרטיות?

© 2000 שיזף רפאלי 24 סיכום zהאם זאת שאלה של אקטיביזם לעומת פאסיביות (שיפוטית או חברתית?) zהאם זהו המשך המאבק בין שמאל וימין, Conservative vs. Libertarian? zהאם יש דרך ביניים? zמהי תרומת המחקר?