Nanophotonics Class 9 Nanophotovoltaics. The world’s present sources of energy.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Research General-Directorate Sustainable Energy Systems NATIONAL CONTACT POINTS SEMINAR Brussels, October 16 NATIONAL CONTACT POINTS SEMINAR Brussels,

Advertisements

Photovoltaic Solar Energy

NONRENEWABLE AND RENEWABLE RESOURCES

Arie Zaban Department of Chemistry Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Bar-Ilan University, Israel מגמות במחקר סולארי בעולם ובישראל : לאיפה.

Rare-earth doped fluorides for silicon solar cell efficiency enhancement Diana Serrano Garcia A.Braud, P.Camy, J-L.Doualan, A.Benayad, V.Menard, R.Moncorge.

Third Generation Solar cells

Energy Sources Grouping task. nuclear oil gas Solar cells / PV biofuel / biomass wave hydroelectric coal geothermal wind tidal.

 Environmental pollution is a serious issue and it is important to take steps on an individual level to reduce it. But now, since it is becoming an international.

2.Alternative Energy Sources

SOLAR POWER. Potential for solar A land mass of about 100x100 miles in the Southwest U.S.-less than 0.5% of the U.S. mainland land mass, or about 25%

Unit 2 ~ Renewable Energy Air, Earth, Fire and Water ~ An Introduction to Environmental Science Unit 2 ~ Renewable Energy.

Physics: Concepts and Connections, 4 th ed., Art Hobson Chapter 17 – Energy Challenge.

Common Photovoltaic Cells and Cost Optimization. Overview Overview of solar power Overview of solar power Economic Problems Economic Problems Crystalline.

Energy Sources All photos courtesy of the U.S. DOE National Renewable Energy Laboratory Photographic Information eXchange

NONRENEWABLE AND RENEWABLE RESOURCES

Sources of Energy Renewable and Non- renewable. What is Energy? Energy is the ability to do work.

Power & Efficiency Energy Resources Power Efficiency.

Photovoltaic - Solar Cell

Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy

REU/RET Optics Research Workshop 2014 Workshop #3 Solar Energy, Solar Ovens Optical Detectors and Solar Cells Dr. Mike Nofziger Professor College of Optical.

Energy In Egypt Ahmed Hebala Teaching Assistant, AAST, Electric Power and Control Engineering Ahmed Hebala - Energy in Egypt1.

Estimating solar energy requirements to meet U.S. energy needs: an outreach event Daniel Esposito, 1 Vernon Alt 2 1 Columbia University 2 Northrup Grumman.

Solar Cells 3 generations of solar cells:

Introduction to Photovoltaic System

Topic 4.0 – Society and Electricity. I. Ways to Produce Electrical Energy A. Using Thermal Energy (Heat) o Coal: Is burned to produce heat o Nuclear Fission.

1 Solar Cell Fundamentals SJSU Short Course D. W. Parent.

Solar Energy Physics 52. Outline Basics of today’s power generation The Sun Photovoltaic Cell Modules and systems A little economics Conclusion Quiz.

Nanophotonics Prof. Albert Polman Center for Nanophotonics FOM-Institute AMOLF, Amsterdam Debye Institute, Utrecht University.

Energy of the Future: Solar Cells Rade Kuljic 1, Hyeson Jung 1, Ayan Kar 1, Michael A. Stroscio 1,2 and Mitra Dutta 1,3 1 Department of Electrical and.

Energy 102 Electrical Energy Energy 101: The Basics Covered 8 Forms of Energy Primarily Chemical Energy.

Light management in thin-film solar cells Albert Polman Center for Nanophotonics FOM-Institute AMOLF Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Energy Sector ETAAC Meeting July 2, 2007 Sacramento, CA.

Sci. 5-4 Energy Resources Pages

Natural Resources Mr. Blackwood. Outline Define Natural Resource –Renewable Resource –Fossil Fuel –Nuclear –Hydroelectric –Solar Energy –Wind –Geothermal.

Renewable Power Generation Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Wind Energy Hydropower Solar Thermal Electric Geothermal.

Solar Cells Typically 2 inches in diameter and 1/16 of an inch thick Produces 0.5 volts, so they are grouped together to produce higher voltages. These.

Power Stations Introduction. References  S. W. Blume: Electric Power System Basics  F. Janíček et al.: Renewable Energy Sources.

RET Optics Research Workshop Workshop #2 Solar Energy Solar Cells and Solar Ovens Dr. Mike Nofziger Professor College of Optical Sciences University of.

November, 13, Bucharest, CONFERENCE”Energy towards FP7” Romanian Technology Platform “Photovoltaics”, Dan I. Teodoreanu.

Mr. Fleming. D.7 Explain how heat is used to generate electricity. D.8 Describe the availability, current uses and environmental issues related to the.

Solar Energy Resources. Energy Usage US95,000 kWh/person/year Japan 46,000 Germany57,000 France50,000 China 7,400 Brazil10,200 Mexico17,100 US accounts.

Nanophotonics Prof. Albert Polman Center for Nanophotonics

1 TAKS Objective 5 Energy and Heat It Is All Around You…

Light trapping with particle plasmons Kylie Catchpole 1,2, Fiona Beck 2 and Albert Polman 1 1 Center for Nanophotonics, FOM Institute AMOLF Amsterdam,

References Toward cost-effective solar energy use Science, v 315, n 5813, 9 Feb. 2007, p Nanostructures for photovoltaics Materials Science and.

NONRENEWABLE AND RENEWABLE RESOURCES. Terms to know Turbine - a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from fluid flow and converts it to useful.

INFRARED PLASTIC SOLAR CELL

World energy production by source in 2004: Oil 40% coal 23.3% natural gas 22.5% hydroelectric 7.0% nuclear 6.5% biomass and other 0.7%.

Solar Power By: Marissa Bohlman and Brittany Marshall.

Advanced Environmental Technology Geographic Distributions of Natural Resources TEK 7D.

Part V. Solar Cells Introduction Basic Operation Mechanism

Renewable Energy Sources. Renewable Sources Renewable Energy Source: – An energy source that can be replaced in a relatively short period of time. – Examples:

What are 2 types of energy resources?  Renewable  Non-Renewable.

Solar Energy Samara Angel, Emilie Harold, Elyssa Hofgard, Jules Pierce, Joyce Xu.

NANO SCIENCE IN SOLAR ENERGY

8.P P.2.2.  What are some of the forms of you energy used today? Explain how you used them.

Energy Sources. Fossil Fuels Coal, Oil and Gas are called "fossil fuels" because they are the fossilized remains of prehistoric plants and animals. Coal,

Achieving Energy Independence Environmental Science 6.3.

Third Generation Solar cells

Earth’s Energy and Mineral Resources

2-1. Solar Energy The direct conversion of sunlight to electricity.

The Physics of Photovoltaics: Effectiveness and Efficiency.

HOW IS COAL MADE ???. HOW ARE OIL AND GAS MADE ???

SOLAR PV SYSTEMS BY Prabhakaran.T AP/MECH

GMR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY. INTRODUCTION Solar energy plays a major role in present days. It is renewable source of energy. This presentation is about.

KINETIC ENERGY energy of motion

Chapter Energy Resources.

Renewable Energy It’s renewable ‘cuz you can use it over and over, and it is (seemingly) limitless.

Energy Sources All photos courtesy of the U.S. DOE

Presentation transcript:

Nanophotonics Class 9 Nanophotovoltaics

The world’s present sources of energy

Different sources of energy: future oil coal gas nuclear power hydroelectricity biomass (traditional) biomass (advanced) solar power (photovoltaics (PV) & solar thermal generation (CSP) solar thermal (heat only) other renewables geothermal wind energy German Advisory Council on Global Change, 2003, year EJ/a PV & CSP gas coal oil sun

+ The greenhouse effect!

Available renewable energy sources

Black dots: area of solar panels needed to generate all of the worlds energy assuming 8% efficient photovoltaics Solar irradiance on earth Average solar irradiance, W/m 2.

Solar flux distribution on earth in kWh/m 2. day source: ABB, 1998

… © Ron Tandberg

Production costs of electricity US DOE (2002)

Explosive growth in PV manufacturing P. Maycock, PV News (2005)

Price per solar Watt vs. installed power P. Maycock

CHALLENGE How to reduce the price/Watt of photovoltaic energy ???? 1.Increase efficiency 2.Reduce materials costs

Solar cell basic geometry electron ( hole(+) front contact n-typesemiconductor p-typesemiconductor back contact anti reflection coating _ + generation electron (-) gat (+) front contact n-typesemiconductor p-typesemiconductor back contact anti reflection coating _ +

Current-Voltage characteristics

The first practical solar panel (1954) Bell Laboratories (1954)

Si solar cell efficiencies

Efficiency/cost of photovoltaic technology M. Green, UNSW Crystalline Silicon cells

Efficiency/cost of photovoltaic technology M. Green, UNSW Organic, thin- film cells

Improvements in solar cell efficiencies US DOE 2006

Third-generation photovoltaics M. Green, UNSW

H. Atwater (CALTECH) “Quantum defect” problem

H. Atwater (CALTECH)

Record efficiency solar cell NREL data (2005)

Efficiency/cost of photovoltaic technology M. Green, UNSW tandem cells

Efficiency/cost of photovoltaic technology M. Green, UNSW Thin- film cells

Thin-film solar cells

Poor IR absorption in (thin-film) Si solar cells solar spectrum EgEg Poor absorption just below bandgap

(a) (b) Absorption ~ r 3 Scattering ~ r 6 increased absorption in Si f subs f f air Goal: Ultra-thin-film solar cell Kylie Catchpole Albedo Ag Possible solution: light trapping

H. Atwater (CALTECH) “Quantum defect” problem

Semiconductor nanocrystals / quantum dots Increasing particle size single atoms Many open fundamental questions regarding multiple-exciton generation

Quantum dot tandem solar cell (science fiction!) 3.0 V2.0 V 1.0 V Plasmonic quantum dot solar cell

Upconversion from infrared to visible exc = 1490 nm 10 µm Ewold Verhagen, Kobus Kuipers transmission Nano Lett. 7, 334 (2007) 550 nm exc = 1480 nm Guiding and concentration observed to /16 Plasmonic hot-spot

Plasmonic nano-solar cell (science fiction!) E Small active semiconductor volume = low cost Small size  low minority carrier lifetime required p n

The Energy Problem: Needed: Large Area Cost-Effective Photovoltaics

k E x z New third-generation solar cell concepts f 3.0 V2.0 V 1.0 V YOU CAN HELP MAKE IT WORK !!