© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 1 CPE/CSC 580: Knowledge Management Dr. Franz J. Kurfess Computer Science Department Cal Poly

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 2 Course Overview u Introduction u Knowledge Processing u Knowledge Acquisition, Representation and Manipulation u Knowledge Organization u Classification, Categorization u Ontologies, Taxonomies, Thesauri u Knowledge Retrieval u Information Retrieval u Knowledge Navigation u Knowledge Presentation u Knowledge Visualization u Knowledge Exchange u Knowledge Capture, Transfer, and Distribution u Usage of Knowledge u Access Patterns, User Feedback u Knowledge Management Techniques u Topic Maps, Agents u Knowledge Management Tools u Knowledge Management in Organizations

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 3 Overview Knowledge Management Tools u Motivation u Objectives u Tools Requirements u Knowledge Acquisition u Knowledge Organization u Knowledge Exchange u Knowledge Presentation u Knowledge Retrieval u Capabilities u Capture, Indexing, Search, Link Association, Graphs/Networks, Hierarchies, Collaboration, u KM Tool Sets u Subtopic 1.1 u Subtopic 1.2 u Tools for Specific KM Tasks u Subtopic 2.1 u Subtopic 2.2 u Outlook Tools u Subtopic 3.1 u Subtopic 3.2 u Important Concepts and Terms u Chapter Summary

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 4 Logistics u Introductions u Course Materials u textbook u handouts u Web page u CourseInfo/Blackboard System and Alternatives u Term Project u Lab and Homework Assignments u Exams u Grading

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 5 Bridge-In

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 6 Pre-Test

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 7 Motivation

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 8 Objectives

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 9 Evaluation Criteria

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 10 KM Tools  IHMC Concept Maps IHMC Concept Maps  Discovery Discovery  Assistum Assistum  Knowledge Structure Manager (KSM) Knowledge Structure Manager (KSM)  Cokace Cokace  Idea Processor Idea Processor

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 11 KM Tools  study IT-Research

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 12 Tools by Category  Information Retrieval: Verity ™, Connex™, Excalibur™, Eurospider™, Google™, Fulcrum™  Collaborative Filtering: Grapevine™  Intranet Portal: Intraspect™, Open Text™, Autonomy™, Ontoprise™  Groupware: Lotus Notes™, MS Exchange™  Document Management: PCDOCS™, InQuery™, Filenet™, Documentum™  Text Summarization: Prosum  Database solutions: Wincite™, Dataware™, Agentware™  Experience Factories: at A.D.Little™, at Xerox™  Skill Management: Loga HRMS (P&I)™, proprietary solutions  Semantic Nets-based: USU™, Knowledge Park™  Visualization: Inxight™, AIdministrator™  Knowledge Discovery: Clementine™, IBM™, SAS™ [Staab 2001]

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 13 KM Tools in Context  Knowledge Discovery Tools (Maybury, WM 2001) Knowledge Discovery Tools (Maybury, WM 2001)

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 14 IHMC Concept Maps Template  IHMC Concept Map Software  Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, University of West Florida   Purpose  tools for the organization and representation of knowledge  Components  set of Java-based tools for the display and navigation of existing concept maps  http-based server to host concept maps [Novak 2000]

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 15 Concept Maps Description  features  creation of concept maps  browsing of existing concept maps  Web browser enhanced with Java as user interface  application examplesexamples  Center for Mars Exploration, NASA  weather forecasting in the Gulf Coast region  distance learning [

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 16 Concept Maps Concept Map [

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 17 Concept Map Example [

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 18 Concept Map Example 2 [

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 19 Concept Maps Evaluation  representation and organization of knowledge  functionality  browsing and construction of concept maps  user interface  Web browser with Java  good aspects  nice visualization, easy to browse  limitations  knowledge acquisition is very labor-intensive

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools Discovery Template  Discovery  80-20, Author   enhanced search engine for internal data bases  Components

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools Discovery Description  features  natural language query parsing  web browser as interface  diagrams  screen shots  application examples

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools Discovery Screen Shot [Discovery] [Screenshot and annotations by Chris Newman]

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools Discovery Evaluation  main emphasis on retrieval of existing knowledge  mainly from already existing data bases  functionality  creates an index of documents in specified storage areas  provides access through natural language queries  integration  with outside systems  tightly integrated with Microsoft products  user interface  web browser  natural language queries  performance  seems to be rather sluggish, probably due to the NL input  good aspects  limitations

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 24 Assistum Template  Products: Assistum Knowledge Tool  Organization: Assistum.com   Purpose  enables the user to create or modify knowledge bases to assist their decision-making  Components  Assistum Viewer  Assistum Knowledge Editor [Assistum.com]

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 25 Assistum Description  Assistum provides easy-to-use tools to create powerful fuzzy rule-based decision support systems  it uses fuzzy logic to store and transform degree of truth variables and relationships  demos are available on the Web at  requires Java-capable browser [Assistum.com]

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 26 Assistum Example  knowledge network about price increase [Assistum.com]

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 27 Assistum Example  reasoning for price increase [Assistum.com]

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 28 Assistum Evaluation  scope  emphasis on knowledge representation  fuzzy logic as inference method  functionality  editor for the creation and modification of knowledge bases  viewer for the display of knowledge bases  integration  within the set  with outside systems  user interface  GUI, Web browser with Java  good aspects  support for knowledge engineering tasks  limitations  mainly a tool for knowledge engineering [Assistum.com]

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 29 Knowledge Structure Manager (KSM)  Name of the Tool Set  Jose Cuena, Martin Molina, ISYS Intelligent Systems Research Group, Department of Artificial Intelligence, Polytechnic University, Madrid, Spain   Purpose  a software environment that helps developers and end- users in the development and maintenance of large and complex knowledge-based applications  Components  analysis, design and implementation, maintenance

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 30 KSM Description  goal  reduce the gap between the human understanding and the implementation of applications using knowledge models  background  intuitive modular approach with different levels of abstraction to cope with large knowledge bases  influenced by the idea of generic tasks of Chandrasekaran and the knowledge level concept of Newell.  includes also some ideas from other parallel approaches of knowledge engineering methodologies and tools such as KADS, PROTEGE-II and KREST  diagrams  screen shots  application examples

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 31 KSM Knowledge Area View

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 32 KSM Hyperbolic View

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 33 KSM Task Perspective

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 34 Problem Formulation

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 35 KSM Evaluation  scope  functionality  integration  within the set  with outside systems  user interface  performance  good aspects  limitations  seems to be most appropriate for AI knowledge engineering tasks, not so much for knowledge management

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 36 Cokace  Cokace, WebCokace  Olivier.Corby, INRIA, Sophia Antipolis, France   Purpose  environment for the conceptual modelling language CML of the CommonKADS methodology  Components

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 37 Cokace Description  goal  to provide the knowledge engineer with structured edition, static validation and dynamic interpretation of CML expertise models  features  allows the knowledge engineer to simulate a reasoning on CML expertise models  enables verification and evaluation of such expertise models before implementation of the final knowledge- based system  diagrams  screen shots  application examples

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 38 Cokace Example  ontology produced on-line by WebCokaceWebCokace  labels are lost [WebCokace]

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 39 Cokace Evaluation  development tool for CommonKADS methodology  functionality  integration  within the set  with outside systems  user interface  Web-based (WebCokace)  good aspects  knowledge engineering support  limitations  mainly for knowledge engineering purposes

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 40 Idea Processor  Idea Processor  A-I-A   Purpose  new generation Computer Supported Cooperative Work technology composed of a user driven software system and a methodology, IdeaProcessing(™)  Components

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 41 Idea Processor Description  goal  to facilitate idea and knowledge management and communication with a graphical and intuitive approach  features  permits simultaneous access by various individuals within a work group to diagram building which leads to concept formation  joint effort promotes shared understanding and consensus  facilitates the visualization of problems and their solutions  it is an 'ideator' (an idea and strategies editor), a group ware, and a meta-CASE tool. [A-I-A 2001]

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 42 Idea Processor Example  site map generated with Idea Processor technology [A-I-A Site Map]

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 43 Idea Processor Evaluation  scope  visualization of knowledge  functionality  idea and strategies editor  group collaboration  good aspects  visual display of knowledge aspects  limitations  knowledge acquisition seems tedious

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 44 Tool Set Template  Name of the Tool Set  Organization, Author  URL URL  Purpose  Components

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 45 Tool Set Description  further details  diagrams  screen shots  application examples

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 46 Tool Set Evaluation  scope  functionality  integration  within the set  with outside systems  user interface  performance  good aspects  limitations

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 47 Autonomy Template  Name of the Tool Set  Organization, Author  URL URL  Purpose  Components

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 48 Tool Set Description  further details  diagrams  screen shots  application examples

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 49 Tool Set Evaluation  scope  functionality  integration  within the set  with outside systems  user interface  performance  good aspects  limitations

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 50 MindMap Template  Name of the Tool Set  Organization, Author  URL URL  Purpose  Components

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 51 Tool Set Description  further details  diagrams  screen shots  application examples

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 52 Tool Set Evaluation  scope  functionality  integration  within the set  with outside systems  user interface  performance  good aspects  limitations

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 53 Verity Template  Name of the Tool Set  Organization, Author  URL URL  Purpose  Components

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 54 Tool Set Description  further details  diagrams  screen shots  application examples

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 55 Tool Set Evaluation  scope  functionality  integration  within the set  with outside systems  user interface  performance  good aspects  limitations

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 56 Practicity Template  Practicity  Organization, Author  URL URL  web-based knowledge sharing environment  Practicity web server, web browser as clients

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 57 Tool Set Description  features  captures interactions between users participating in a “community of practice”  contents and contexts of interactions  stores interactions in a cet\ntral knowledge base  diagrams  screen shots  application examples

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 58 Tool Set Evaluation  main emphasis on capturing of knowledge through interactions  functionality  knowledge capture, access  dtSearch for text-based search  integration  within the set  with outside systems  user interface  performance  good aspects  limitations

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 59 Groove Template  Groove  Groove Networks, Ray Ozzie (Lotus Notes developer)  URL URL  P2P groupware for direct interaction among users  collaboration, communication, sharing information  Components

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 60 Tool Set Description  features  shared spaces are used for storing and accessing knowledge  users share spaces through accounts  diagrams  screen shots  application examples

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 61 Tool Set Evaluation  scope  main emphasis on sharing of information  functionality  communication  chatting, messages, discussion forums  collaboration  net meetings, outlines, drawing,  coordination  calender  integration  within the set  with outside systems  user interface  performance  good aspects  limitations

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 62 Post-Test

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 63 Evaluation u Criteria

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 64 References  [Cuena & Molina 1996] Cuena J., Molina M.: "Building Knowledge Models Using KSM". Proc. of Knowledge Acquisition of Knowledge Based Systems Workshop, KAW96. Banff, Canada  [Novak 2000] Joseph D. Novak: “The Theory Underlying Concept Maps and How To Construct Them”,  [Staab 2000] Steffen Staab: “Intelligente Techniken für das Wissensmanagement” Knowledge Management Tutorial, Wissensmanagement 2001 Conference, Baden-Baden, Germany,

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 65 Important Concepts and Terms  natural language processing  neural network  predicate logic  propositional logic  rational agent  rationality  Turing test  agent  automated reasoning  belief network  cognitive science  computer science  hidden Markov model  intelligence  knowledge representation  linguistics  Lisp  logic  machine learning  microworlds

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 66 Summary Chapter-Topic

© 2001 Franz J. Kurfess Knowledge Management Tools 67