Nucleotides and Nucleic acid. Structure of Nucleotide.

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Presentation transcript:

Nucleotides and Nucleic acid

Structure of Nucleotide

Phosphodiester linkages

Hydrolysis of RNA under alkaline conditions

DNA stores Genetic Information – Avery-MacLeod-McCarty Experiment

The Hershey-Chase experiment

X-ray diffraction pattern of DNA

Watson-Crick model for the structure of DNA

DNA Replication

DNA can occur in different Three-Dimensional Forms The Watson-Crick structure is also referred to as B-form DNA, or B-DNA. The B form is the most stable structure.

Structural variation of DNA – syn- vs anti-

Structural variation of DNA – exo- vs endo-

Palindrome is spelled identically readying forward or backward eg ROTATOR, NURSES RUN. Can form hairpin or cruciform Mirror repeats do not have complementary sequences within the same strand and cannot form hairpin or cruciform structures.

Messenger RNA code for polypeptide Chains Monocistronic – code for one polypeptide Polycistronic – code for two or more different polypeptides

Secondary Structure of RNAs

Reversible denaturation and annealing (renaturation) of DNA

T m – melting temperature – the temp. at the midpoint of the transition

Partially denatured DNA

DNA Hybridization

Non-enzymatic reactions of nucleotides

Formation of pyrimidine dimers induced by UV light.

Chemical agents that cause DNA damage

DNA Amplification - PCR

DNA Sequencing – Sanger Method

Automating DNA sequencing.

Chemical synthesis of DNA