Alicbusan.DePano.Fermo Source Criticism KASPIL1 Report 2 Alicbusan.DePano.Fermo Franco.Ordinario.Salvadora.Tiolengco

Title of Document/Source Is it a primary source? What type of primary source? Is it a secondary source? Describe the secondary source. Santos, Rufino, D.D. Statements of the Philippine Hierarchy on the Novels of Dr. Jose Rizal. Manila: CBCP, April 2, 1956. No. Yes, this source made use of several other sources. To Screen All Works By Heroes, (April 1956). Yes, it is an article. Salak, Manuel B. Catholic leaders warn of dissension. (April 1956). Constantino, Renato. Ang bagong Lumilipas, Vol. 2 (1994). Yes. It seems to be a compilation of ideas and narratives from others. Laurel, Jose B., Jr. The Trials of the Rizal Bill. Philippine Historical Bulletin. 50th Anniversary Issue (2009) Yes, it’s a newspaper.

Title of Document/Source Is it a primary source? What type of primary source? Is it a secondary source? Describe the secondary source. De Viana, Augusto. Fifty Years of the Rizal Law: 1956: 2006 What have we learned? Historical Bulletin. Vol. 43 (2009) No. Yes, as it made use of other sources. Locsin, Teodoro M. The Church Under Attack. Philippine Free Press (May 5, 1956). Yes, it is a newspaper article. Recto, Claro M. Senate Bill 438: Noli- Fili Bill. (1956). Yes, it is a government document, specifically a senate bill. Republic Act No. 1425. (1956). Yes, it is a government document, specifically a republic act.

Document Analysis KASPIL1 Report 2

What kind of document is RA 1425 What kind of document is RA 1425? What kind of document is the Noli-Fili Bill?// question 1 The RA 1425 and the Noli-Fili Bill are considered to be government documents. The RA 1425 is a comprised version of House Bill No.5561 and senate Bill No. 428 that became a law while the Noli- Fili Bill is a constitutional bill that was not approved by the executive branch.

When were they written? Is there a date or other information that indicates this?// question 2 The RA 1425 was written in June 12, 1965 while the Noli-Fili bill was written around 1942-1945.

Who wrote or created the documents? // question 3 The Noli Fili Bill was originally written by Claro M. Recto while the RA 1425 was written by Senator Laurel.

For whom were the documents written? // question 4 The Noli-Fili Bill was addressed to the Senate as it had to undergo approval before the executive branch received and implemented it. The RA 1425, which was created by the executive branch, was then meant for the general public for them to gain knowledge about the newly passed bill.

Where were the documents written? // question 5 The articles didn’t mention the exact place of which the documents were written but most likely, it would be written in the Philippines.

Why were the documents written?// question 6 The documents were written because they wanted to arouse Filipino nationalism. Rizal’s works portrayed the actual situation of the Philippines in the past and it is known to be a constant source of patriotism which was said to be what the youth needs today. It should be done during an early stage .

Do the documents reveal the writer’s mood ? //question 7 The documents did not reveal any kind of mood from the writer. They were intended to be objectively written. The bill and the republic act is not supposed to Evoke any emotion in the reader. These are supposed to neutral

Do the documents provide any clues about the relationship between the writer and audience?//question 9 Yes, the Noli-Fili bill reveals the relationship between the Senate and the House of the Representatives of the Philippines and the executive branch of the government, as they are the ones who will be approving his bill. On the other hand, the RA 1425 reveals the relationship between the executive branch and the general public as it was meant to inform them of the provisions of the passed bill.

Contents of RA 1425 Contents of the Noli-Fili Bill Similarities of the RA1425 and Noli Fili Bill Differences of the RA 1425 and Noli-Fili Bill Should be included in the curriculum The novel is required for private, college and universities Address the need for nationalism and patriotism The punishments differ. The Noli Fili bill violation punishment is dismissal or disqualification while the RA 1425 has a fine. Libraries in school should have enough copies of the original novels The novels must be original or unexpurgated versions They are being make compulsory in schools National Board of Education has a responsibility of translating the novels and other works. National Board of Education will translate the works of Rizal into different languages The implementation is by the National Board of Education The bill was only concerned about the works of Rizal, while the RA included his life. The sum of three hundred thousand pesos is authorized to those who violate this act It must not limit the study of other national heroes and it also includes the life of Rizal Includes only the two novels of Rizal. Violators of these bill will be punished

List two things that the documents tell you about the political and social life during the 1950’s?// question 10 The Catholic Church had more influence before in the political arena and had more direct control over schools. Head of the schools were held responsible and will be punished if person from that school is found guilty of violating the law. Education was more of an issue during in those times as opposed to today. Implementation of anything that concerns education is always done by the National Board of Education.

Where were the documents written? Write a question to the author that is left unanswered by the documents. // question 11 Where were the documents written? What other factors could have contributed to the writing of the document? ??? Bullet 2

Did the Noli-Fili Bill become RA 1425 Did the Noli-Fili Bill become RA 1425? Were there any controversies that developed regarding the passage of the bill? Did it encounter any opposition? Who were in-favor and against the law? Explain their arguments and whose arguments are more believable? // question 12 No, the law that was considered was only a comprised version of this bill. After the bill was issued, the Church wrote a pastoral letter saying that if the bill was passed, unity can never be formed from within the country. This became a huge controversy for both sides argued regarding the passage of the bill. People who were in favour of this bill were Claro Recto and Senator Laurel while those people against it were Mariano Cuenco, Francisco Rodrigo and Decoroso Rosales. [next]

// question 12 cont. Claro M. Recto claimed that without Rizal’s works, there would not be a Filipino bishop today. Rizal’s novels showed the people’s desire for political freedom and social order. Rizal’s aim was to encourage Filipino nationalism and his means of doing it was writing the actual situation of the Philippines. On the opposition, Rodrigo, Cueno and Rosales claimed that unity will never be established and it would only result to a crisis. People who will read the novel were said to lose religious faith since the novel implies the cruelty of the church and it contained errors of the church doctrine. The novel reveals a false idea of the country’s condition towards the reader. [next]

// question 12 cont. The arguments of the two sides are both understandable but Claro Recto’s claims were more believable. The novels were not intentionally created to attack religion or the church for that matter. Its sole purpose was to open the eyes of the Filipino about their situation before and it is possible to have no relation to the present.

Do you think studying Rizal’s life, works and writings are still relevant today? Why? // question 13 Yes, it is still relevant because it shows a part of history that people can reflect back into. Filipino culture can also be seen in Rizal’s works and it can be a symbol of Filipino nationalism.

KASPIL1 // fin :D F I N :D