Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Fisheries of Korea Kwang –Soo, Lim Deputy Minister for Fisheries Policy

1.Marine Environment 2.Fisheries in Korea 3.Fisheries Policy 4.Growth momentum for fisheries [ Contents ]

1. Marine Environment 1. Marine Environment

Seas surrounding Korea

4 CHINA JAPAN KOREA Coastline : 14,533km (South Korea 11,542km) Islands : 4,198 (South Korea 3,153) Cold Warm

5 West coast Average depth : 44m Mud flats Low salinity High nutrients Croaker, Flounder Prawn, Hairtail, Blue crab

6 East coast Average depth : 1,700m Cold water at the bottom Warm water at the top Squid, Saury, Alaska Pollack, Yellowtail, Red crab

7 South coast Anchovy, Mackerel Eel, Sea bream, Filefish, Tuna Center of Korean Aquaculture

Geomorphology East SeaYellow Sea East China Sea Area ( ㎢ ) 1,013,000417,000752,000 Average Depth (m)1, Volume ( ㎢ ) 1,690,00018,000209,000 Continental Shelf (0-200m) 23.5%100%81.3% Continental Slope (200-1,000m) 15.2%011.4% % of Deep Basin61.3%07.3%

2. Fisheries in Korea 2. Fisheries in Korea

Production (2010)  3.1 million tonnes (2.1% of world production) TypesProductionMajor species Coastal & Offshore1,227 Mackerel, Hairtail, Anchovy, Squid, Croaker, Blue crab, Clam Aquaculture1,313 Flounder, Rockfish, Oyster, Laver, Kelp, Avalone Distant-water612 Tuna, Saury, Alaska Pollack, Squid, Krill Inlands30Eel, Trout, Catfish (Unit: 1,000 tonnes)

World's Fisheries Production World's Fisheries Production (2008, including aquatic plants unit = 1,000 tons) (2008, including aquatic plants unit = 1,000 tons) CountryCaptureAquacultureTotalRatio 1China14,79143,03657,82736% 2Indonesia4,9573,8388,7955.5% 3India4,1043,4787,5834.7% 4Peru7,362577,4194.6% 5Japan4,2481,2925,5403.5% 6Philippines2,5612,4085,0593.2% 7USA4,3495,064,8553.0% 8Chile3,5541,2554,8093.0% 9Viet Nam2,0872,4964,5832.9% 10Thailand2,4571,3743,8312.4% 11Russia3, ,5082.2% 12Korea1,9431,4083,3512.1%

Changes in Contribution

Fishing Vessels Goal 68,629 39,903 47,521  Sustainable level : 39,903 vessels Current : 47,751 (16% over)  Scraped 16,642 during ’94~’10 (1,546 billion won)  Sustainable level : 39,903 vessels Current : 47,751 (16% over)  Scraped 16,642 during ’94~’10 (1,546 billion won)

 Global top in aquaculture production per nation’s territory 14.2 ton / km 2 * China: 42 million ton (world top), but production / territory = 4.4 ton ㎢ Korea China Japan India Vietnam Norway Philippines Aquaculture Production World aquaculture production (million ton) : China (42.6), Indonesia (3.8), India (3.5), Vietnam (2.5), Philippines (2.4), Korea (1.4)

Fishing Households 69, ,734

Trade (unit: 1,000 US$) Import Export liberalization of imports

 Fish consumption per-capita increased by 57% during last 10 years  Supply 40% of animal protein  China market demand is growing rapidly → export market rice fish meat Korean Food consumption (kg/yr) Chinese fish consumption (kg/yr) Growing demand for fish

3. Fisheries Policy 3. Fisheries Policy

1948 Fisheries Bureau in the Ministry of Commerce and Industry 1966~ 1996 Fisheries Administration 1996~ 2007 Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Since 2008 Ministry for the Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries History of fisheries governance

Fisheries Policy OfficeFisheries Policy Bureau Fisheries Policy in General Processing / Marketing Infrastructure / Fishermen Enforcement / Safety Fisheries Resources Bureau Resources Management Fishing Vessels / License Aquaculture Environment Distant-Water Fisheries Bureau Distant-Water Fisheries International Cooperation Fishery Negotiations MIFAFF MIFAFF (Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries)

Major management tools  Input/Output control fishing license 3,957 / TAC for 12 species  Buy-Back program (since 1994) scrapped 16,642 vessels  Technical measures Closed areas and seasons, Landing, etc.  Community based management (since 2001) managed by people who use them increasing both participants 10 times and income 8~9% / yr.

Comparison of fishery policies ClassificationKoreaJapanChina Input control License system Fishing gear size & type License system Restriction of fishing method and vessel size License system Controlling total number of vessels and their power Output control TAC - Technical measures Closed seasons and areas Mesh size Closed seasons & areas Mesh size Closed seasons & areas Mesh size Resource enhancement Artificial reefs Release of fry Sea farming Release of salmon & cod Artificial reefs Release of fry Release of salmon & trout Artificial reefs Release of fry Others Restrictions of catches landing, transshipments, & place of sale Co-management Water quality conservation Prohibition of sales of illegal catches Fishing right management Coastal fishing ground maintenance Prohibition of sales of illegal catches Resource fee Regulating proportion of fry catch

Aquaculture management  Input controls licenses: 13,409 (266,717 ha) limit on aquaculture access => small-scale business - prohibition of license lease - restriction on farm size (less than 60 ha) & large company’s entry  Technical measure restrictions on antibiotics usage drain water quality conservation

Processing / Marketing  Processing market size: $62 billion Certification schemes & Place-of-origin labeling system Electronic wholesale market & internet fisheries market HACCP on Aquaculture & processing factories, etc.  Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives Markets around producing & consumption areas - Consignment sale spots:160 places (landing ports : 202) - Wholesale markets (downtown)

Fishing village & port  Fishing village renovation Comprehensive fishing village development project (’94 ~ ) Sister City and Village Program (city vs. fishing village) Fishing village camp  Fishing Port National fishing port management (110 sites) Marine debris collecting vessel in fishing port Overseas fishing port building (with relation to ODA)

Human resources  Human Resources Enforcement Cultivate fisheries successor (‘81~’10): 18,750 person Fisheries population (’10): 171,000 person  Declining and Graying Population thousand person % over 60 years old 36% 60%

4. Growth momentum for fisheries 4. Growth momentum for fisheries

Fishing (capture, aquaculture) Food industry Life industry Paradigm shift

Sustainable Fisheries  Commencement of New Decommission Scheme Application-base ⇒ government’s official authority - target: over-fishing gear (e. g. trawl)  Stock Recovery of about 30 Species by 2020  Port (landing) Control to Prevent IUU Fishing Activities  Modernization of Fishing Vessels Crews’ welfare & low-carbon emission

Aquaculture  Abolition of access limit (step by step) => scale-up permit farm size more than 60 ha & license lease allow company’s entry  Expansion of aquaculture farm coastal to off-sea, mud flat & city (fish factory)

Marine biomass  Develop mass production tech. of seaweeds & micro-algae  Extract bio-fuel, pulp, and plastic from marine biomass * 1 million ha. of seaweeds farm: 4,500 million liters of motor fuel (50% of domestic consumption) Bio-fuel Pulp Plastic Medicine

Bio-medicine  Challenge: Difficulty in collecting marine life from nature  Solution: Aquaculture-mass production of useful marine life Cone shell in nature mass production by aquaculture extraction

Genetic breeding  Flounder, abalone, and other major species 3 rd generation flounder : 40% - Faster growth rate - Stronger for disease. - Expected to lower production cost by 40% * Norway salmon: 10 th generation. 300% faster growth rate. Occupies 70% of world market

Aqua-pet  World market size : 23 billion US$  Marine ornamental fish : decreased by resource depletion, reef destruction  Development of new species for aquaculture

Food industry Expanding HACCP: fishing farm to markets Adopting Eco-labeling system (proposed by FAO) Building Fisheries Base Processing Center - Simple Collection -> Packing, clean & processing Creating local food industry complex Promoting local Food brands SAFETY HYGIEN E QUALIT Y

Human resources

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