Sigmund Freud Freud said that there were “Three great humiliations in human history…we are not in control of our own minds.”

Important dates in his life Born May 6,1856 At 17 he attended the University of Vienna to study medicine. He graduated as a doctor in He worked at Vienna General Hospital for the following 3 years. Turned his attention to research on cocaine’s clinical uses for the next 3 years. In 1886 he established his own practice and married Martha Bernay. For the next 10 years he turned his attention towards nervous diseases, language disorders, and neurology. During this time he practiced hypnosis but found that the results were not long lasting. Then became known for his study of hysteria in women. In 1895 his daughter, Anna, is born; the first of 6 children. The next year he first began using the term “psychoanalysis”. The ‘Freudian Slip’ was introduced in A term that meant an error in speaking contributed to the unconscious mind.

Life Continued In 1909 Freud and colleague Carl Jung travel to the U.S.A. and gave the first lectures on psychoanalysis. Freud said going there was a big mistake. Published The Interpretation of Dreams in 1923 In 1927 Freud states his atheism in The Future of an Illusion. In 1933 Freud’s books were publicly burned by the Nazi’s which he soon fled. He died of lung cancer from smoking in 1939.

Freud’s Theory-Psychoanalysis His goal was to provide therapy by making the unconscious, conscious. He did this at first through hypnosis and through analyzing dreams. He believed that dreams were very important and full of symbols. Believed that childhood experiences played a huge role in a person…lead to unconscious motives and desires. Thought that the foundation of personality was laid by 6yrs old. Many people left his theory because although they agreed with many of his principles they felt that it focused too much on sexuality. He believed that people are not masters of their own mind, that there’s a constant internal conflict between urges and childhood experiences. This conflict is handled between the ID, EGO, and SUPEREGO, the different psychic apparatus’s.

The ID Id: the state when you are most unconscious. It is the largest state of awareness and conceals hidden feelings and desires. Your instincts are primitive, instinctual, pleasure-seeking. It causes the biological urges, illogical thoughts, fantasy-like thinking and actions. It is also referred to as the child ego state.

The Ego… …is the preconscious. It considers norms, rules, reality. It is the decision-making part of the brain. It delays gratification, but does not necessarily eliminate it. It’s also known as the adult ego state.

The Superego The Superego is the responsible, moral, high standard part of the brain. It is our most conscious state of mind. It is most concerned with what we “should” do. It is the rule-abiding, parent part of us. Logically it is referred to as the parent ego state.

Id, Ego, and Superego A revised definition of the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious was published in 1899 in Freud’s “Interpretation of Dreams.” It also contained many dream analyses.

 According to Freud, many people receive personal insights from studying their dreams.  People now consider dreams emotionally significant.  Freud argues that dreams are wish- fulfillments, stemming from repressed or frustrated sexual desires. Nightmares, he would explain, result from the anxiety surrounding desires.

Descartes Freud agrees with Descartes in that mind and body are separate. Descartes’ quote, “I think, therefore I am” basically means that because he has a mind, he has a body. They are two separate things. Freud because believes you can get knowledge through dreams, without actually experiencing, through bodily experiences. “Our subconscious minds and ideas are our true selves while out conscious minds are formed through experience and sensation.” Modernism

Test Questions 1. How do Freud’s ideas relate to Frankenstein? 2. What part of the psychic apparatus deals with norms and rules?

Works Cited Sigmund Freud: The Interpretation of Dreams (1900). 23 December Department of English, Washington State University. 19 March Thornton, Stephen. “Sigmund Freud ( ).” The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 20 Mar "Freud Timeline." Freud Museum London. 23 Mar Boeree, Dr. C. George. “SIGMUND FREUD.” 19 March Professor Tom Drake’s Notes: – –