IS 466 ADVANCED TOPICS IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS LECTURER : NOUF ALMUJALLY 19 – 9 – 2011 College Of Computer Science and Information, Information Systems Department

Teaching Staff  Nouf Almujally - Unit Lecturer Office: 9 \ Consultation Hours:  Saturday am  Monday 9-10 am  Other time welcome but please first 2

Timetable LOCATIONTIMEDAYCLASS 10 \ :30 – 1:20MondayLecture 10 \ WednesdayLecture 11 \ SaturdayTutorial 3

Assessment Item No. TypeIndividual or GroupWeightDue Date 1 Tutorial Individual 5% submission 5% class work Weekly 2 Case StudyGroup10%Week 9 32 QuizzesIndividual10% Week 5 Week 12 4Midterm ExamIndividual20%Week 9 5Final ExamIndividual50%Exams Week 4

What you need to do to get A+ To gain a good understanding of the unit and of course to pass the unit  Attend the lectures and tutorial All lecture and tutorial material is examinable Including tutorial case studies  Attempt ALL tutorial Questions prior to the tutorial Participation Required Reading  Consult with the Lecturer If you have any difficulties or problems with the assignments please don't hesitate to contact me. I will try to be as helpful as possible. 5

Course Policies  Assignments deadlines are very strict  Tutorials are due on Friday of each week  Participation = Marks  Daily penalties apply to late work  Students who are absent on the quiz day will not be allowed to make up the quiz.  Students who are absent on Midterm exam day due to illness are required to bring a signed medical excuse letter.  It is the student’s responsibility to contact the Lecturer if the midterm exam was missed within one (1) day following the scheduled exam date. 6

Course Objective This course intends to introduce special topics of current trends in information systems and information technology: Enterprise resource planning (ERP) Requirements Engineering Geographical Information System (GIS) Telemedicine and Medical Informatics Human Computer Interface (HCI) Simulation 7

Questions ? 8

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) - Overview 9

Objectives  ERP Definition  The History of ERP  ERP Characteristics  Example: Before & after ERP  The benefits of the ERP System  ERP Disadvantages  ERP Components  ERP Vendors 10

Current Situation  Islands of information 11

The Problems ?  Difficult to get timely & accurate information  Heterogeneous hardware & software platforms & practices  Poor connectivity between different organizational locations  Sticking with out of date technology  Resist to change  Lack of proven man-power to develop integrated software 12

!! The Solution 13

What is ERP ? Enterprise Resource Planning = ERP ERP systems are packaged software systems that  Automates and integrates business processes  Shares common data and practices across the entire enterprise  Produces and accesses information in a real-time environment 14

Formal Definition.. It is a company-wide computer software system that allows companies to integrate all their operations and resources founded in the core business areas such as accounting, human resource management, manufacturing and sales and distribution, and manage them through one program. 15

History of ERP 1960’s - Systems Just for Inventory Control 1970’s - MRP – Material Requirement Planning (Inventory with material planning & procurement) 1980’s - MRP II – Manufacturing Resources Planning (Extended MRP to shop floor & distribution Mgnt.) Mid 1990’s - ERP – Enterprise Resource Planning (Covering all the activities of an Enterprise) 2000 onwards – ERP II – Collaborative Commerce (Extending ERP to external business entities) 16

History of ERP 17

ERP Characteristics attempts to integrate all data and processes of an organization into a unified system. provide information updated and on real time  People in different departments all see the same information and can update it A typical ERP system will use multiple components of computer software and hardware to achieve the integration. 18

ERP Characteristics (con.) A key ingredient of most ERP systems is the use of a unified database to store data for the various system modules. Less Management Less Complexity Less Integration In ERP, you can get answer of any query by its powerful query and filtering facility ERP system can easily use in Government, healthcare, financial, retail and other service sectors 19

ERP Characteristics (con.) Computer security is included within an ERP system to protect against both outsider and insider crime  User / Password level authentication  Tracking of changes made by users  Restriction in modifying the transaction after approval is done 20

Example of QU QU wants to buy a new Printer. For this reason Secretary gives a purchasing order by filling purchasing order forms. Next slide shows how this purchasing request process flow was working before ERP systems. 21

New Printer Purchasing Process 1. Purchase order form for a new printer 2. Head of Department Confirmation- Faculty Head 3. Purchase order document sent to QU Account Office 4. Account Office Secretary sents the purchase order to the Responsibles 5. Purchase order- Responsible personal Confirmation 6. Purchasing department- Manager Confirmation 7. Transfer to Finance Department Secretary for processing 8. Finance Department Responsible’s Confirmation 9. Transfer to Rector’s Office 10. Rector’s Secretary- Confirmation 11. Confirmation Transfer, to Purchase Department Secretary 12. Purchase Responsible personal commends with Purchase 22

Example : before using ERP system Department x Account Office Purchasing Dept. Finance Dept. Manager

before using ERP system !! 24

QU after ERP Systems 25

Example QU - IT Faculty Information TechnologyFaculty wants to buy a new HP Printer. For this reason Secretary gives a purchasing order with using QU Online ERP systems. Next slide shows the purchasing order process flow with ERP Systems. 26

QU After ERP Systems 27

 Online data flow decreases the process time  One common system – less duplication – more efficient  Fast & online confirmation  Less paperwork  No need for folder storage  Database security  Open communication among business partner  Less employee needed  Easy financial management  Better ınventory management The benefits of the ERP System 28

Disadvantages There are several disadvantages to enterprise resource planning: Cost  Implementing ERP is very expensive, price can range from $30,000 - $500,000, depending on the size of the company.  ERP vendors can charge a license renewal fee annually which can also be costly for any business.  Consultants may need to be used for installation or to maintain the ERP.  Employees may need to be trained in ERP so they can fully utilize the system. Training times takes away from work time and can also cost additional funds. 29

Disadvantages (con.) Expertise  Success of ERP depends on the skill level and experience of the company’s work force.  Proper training of the workforce is dependent to success with ERP.  New employees must be trained before they can properly start working because of the ERP system 30

Disadvantages (con.) Flexibility  ERP’s can be very rigid and may not fit the business flow of the company trying to use it.  Company’s may need to customize their ERP package which isn’t allowed by most ERP vendors. 31

Disadvantages (con.) Change  Employees may be needed to change the way they work to become more efficient. They may feel resistant to change which can be a negative. 32

ERP Component An ERP System includes: Business Processes  ERP has been promoted as solutions for supporting or streamlining business processes at all levels. Users of ERP systems  The users of ERP systems are employees of the organization at all levels, from workers, supervisors, mid- level managers to executives. 33

ERP Component (con.) Hardware and Operating Systems that run ERP applications  Many large ERP systems are UNIX based. Windows NT and Linux are other popular operating systems to run ERP software. Legacy ERP systems may use other operating systems. 34

ERP Component (con.) ERP software  Module based ERP software is the core of an ERP system. Each software module automates business activities of a functional area within an organization.  Common ERP software modules include: production planning, purchasing, inventory control, sales and distribution, finance, accounting and human resources aspects of an organization. Note: The failures in one or more of those four components could cause the failure of an ERP project. The failures of multi-million dollar ERP projects are reported once in a while even after 20 years of ERP implementation. 35

ERP Vendors 36

ERP Vendors (con.) SAP  Systems Application and Products  Honda - IBM – Almarai – Aramco Oracle  The leading provider of relational database management systems  Kodak The Sage Group  Provider of human resources software  Adidas - Helton Hotels 37

Questions ?? 38