Data Collection and Management with GPS & GIS Quentin Rund for the High Desert ESD

Getting to Know ArcGIS Section Logistics Daily schedule Start Lunch Finish Facilities Refreshments and break area Restrooms Telephones and messages Feedback

Getting to Know ArcGIS Section Teaching methods Lectures Exercises Demonstrations Class materials Getting to Know ArcGIS Exercise book Course CD Lecture Notes

Getting to Know ArcGIS Section Topics covered in Getting to Know ArcGIS Day One Getting to know GIS Getting started with maps and data Displaying data Day Two Getting information about features Analyzing feature relationships Day Three Creating and editing data Presenting data

Workshop Agenda Day One Intro to Precision Ag Determining Location Navigating Waypoints Collecting Waypoints About Attributes Data Layers Day Two Getting to know ArcGIS Add data layers to GIS Working with tables Editing data Symbolizing Data GIS analysis Discussion of GIS in the classroom

Me Quentin Rund PAQ Interactive GIS since 1994 Remote Sensing GIS data analysis Farm background

Workshop Effectiveness Pre-Test Gauge knowledge Establish baseline Post Test See if improved (awake) Evaluate methods

Objectives Gain experience with a handheld GPS Collect data Migrate data to a GIS Use GIS to map features Build local map Discover ways to use GPS/GIS in the classroom

Intro to Precision Ag Technologies

Outline Precision Ag Tools of the Trade Additional Resources

Precision Ag Practices Fertilizer – variable-rate application Planting – row control, variable rate, variety Harvest – collecting yield data Remote Sensing – growth Crop Scouting Chemical Application

Precision Ag Resources NSF AgrowKnowledge GeoTech Center Conferences International Conference on Precision Agriculture InfoAg Online Resources Precisionag.com Precisionagnetwork.com Getting to Know ArcGIS Section

NSF Resource Centers Getting to Know ArcGIS Section

Conferences Getting to Know ArcGIS Section

Online Resources Getting to Know ArcGIS Section

Tools Needed for Precision Ag Location Data/Analysis Equipment

Workshop GPS GIS Exercises In the Classroom

GPS Technology Getting to Know ArcGIS Section

GPS Basics Global Positioning System Satellite constellation Receivers Ground control system Information available Location Time Speed Direction

Components of the GPS Control Segment Space Segment User Segment Monitor Stations Ground Antennas Master Station

How It Works Signal sent from satellites Receiver determines distance from satellite Uses multiple distances to triangulate position

Signal from One Satellite The receiver is somewhere on this sphere.

Triangulation (1 sat) Geometric Principle: You can find one location if you know its distance from other, already- known locations.

Triangulation (2 sats)

Triangulation (3 sats)

Sources of Signal Interference Earth’s Atmosphere Metal Electro-magnetic Fields Solid Structures

Circle of Error X

Making it Better WAAS DGPS RTK

Geostationary WAAS satellites GPS Constellation WAAS Control Station (West Coast) Local Area System (LAAS) WAAS Control Station (East Coast) Wide Area Augmentation System

+ - 3 meters +-15 meters With Selective Availability set to zero, and under ideal conditions, a GPS receiver without WAAS can achieve fifteen meter accuracy most of the time.* Under ideal conditions a WAAS equipped GPS receiver can achieve three meter accuracy 95% of the time.* * Precision depends on good satellite geometry, open sky view, and no user induced errors. How Accurate is WAAS?

How GPS Is Used Determining Location Returning to Waypoints Recording Waypoints

GPS-Receivers

Garmin eTrex Buttons and pages

Coordinate systems

Coordinate Systems DD – Decimal Degrees ° DM – Degrees Minutes 42° ’ DMS – Degrees, Minutes, Seconds 42° 34’ 23.5” UTM – Northing

Exercise 1 Collecting Location Objective Become familiar with basic use of receiver Be able to change coordinate system formats Materials Needed Worksheet GPS Receiver Assignment Choose series of objects Walk to objects and record coordinates

Discussion Observations Feature Sets Types of objects located Thinking about data layers In the Classroom

Post-Lunch Review morning Precision Ag GPS Collecting Location Waypoints

Examples of Using Waypoints Scouting Remote Sensing Observations Teacher Locations

Waypoints Waypoints are locations or landmarks that can be stored in your GPS. Waypoints may be defined and stored in the unit manually by inputting latitude and longitude from a map or other reference. Or more usually, waypoints may be entered directly by taking a reading with the unit at the location itself, giving it a name, and then saving the point. Latitude and Longitude Your location Direction of waypoint Date and Tim e Waypoint

Getting to Know ArcGIS Section Linking features and attributes Feature classes are tables that store spatial data Each feature has a record in the table Unique identifier links feature and attributes

Exercise 2 Navigate Waypoints Objective Use GPS to navigate to known points Materials GPS Receiver Worksheet with locations Assignment Walk to coordinates and record features

20 points

Cache of goodies established by individuals Coordinates published on Web Find cache Leave a message Leave some treasure Take some treasure Geocaching

Discussion Observations In the Classroom Rubric (from Terry Brase, Kirkwood College)

Features/Attributes Feature sets (discuss what’s been discovered) How a feature set is a data layer Identify mappable objects that could become features on a map Create a Data Outline for these features Attributes

Identify Objects Identify objects around this room that are “mappable” Which items might be worthwhile to have an ‘inventory’ of? Select two features from your list Identify two attributes for each feature that you would want to know about Consider attribute values

Exercise 3 Collecting Waypoints Objective Consider features and attributes for spatial data Choose feature set to inventory Choose attributes to record Survey campus for features Go outside Discussion

Observation In the Classroom Research ways in which GPS is used Weirdest use of GPS Best use of GPS

Data Entry Keying in data Type data into excel or txt file File transfer