Genetics Gregor Mendel

Genetics- The study of biological inheritance Gregor Mendel= Austrian monk in the 1800s that laid the groundwork of genetics. He used pea plants to look for specific inherited traits (shape, color, height, etc.) http://jugalbandi.info/wp-content/uploads/2007/07/img_7660-1.jpg http://farm1.static.flickr.com/70/223024576_6ded872ae0.jpg http://www.thechartrands.com/uploaded_images/P3170047-779418.JPG

He controlled mating and fertilization Mating of 2 organisms = cross Mendel controlled the fertilization of his pea plants by removing the male parts, or stamens. He then fertilized the female part, or pistil, with pollen from a different pea plant.

He came up with 3 conclusions: 1) Traits are inherited as specific units. 2) Organisms inherit two copies of each gene, one from each parent. 3) The two copies separate during gamete formation. *2+3 = law of segregation

Using Genes to Trace Inheritance gene- piece of DNA with specific instructions locus- location of gene allele- any forms of the same gene at the same locus http://mygenetic.files.wordpress.com/2009/04/allele.jpg

* Each parent donates one allele for every gene.

genotype = the makeup of a specific set of genes. phenotype = the physical appearance of a trait. Recessive expressed only when 2 copies are present!

Dominant alleles are represented by uppercase letters; recessive alleles by lowercase letters. Order of dominance: brown > green > blue

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