1 Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions in NA49-future An introduction for everybody The main goal of studying nucleus-nucleus collisions in NA49-future is the investigation of the transition between two phases of strongly interacting matter: gas of hadrons and quark-gluon plasma NA49-future

2 NA49-future aims to discover the critical point of strongly interacting matter Temperature Baryochemical potential NA49-future Models of strong interactions predict a sharp phase boundary (1 st order phase transition) between hadron gas and quark-gluon plasma ending in a critical point NA49 at the CERN SPS studying collisions of two lead nuclei (Pb+Pb) found evidence for the transition between hadron gas and quark-gluon plasma NA49-future will study properties of this transition in order to establish fundamental features of strongly interacting matter

3 The main ideas behind the NA49-future nucleus-nucleus program can be related to the well known properties of water (water properties are determined by electro-magnetic interactions) Phases of strongly interacting matter Phases of water NA49-future

4 Collision energy Properties of produced hadrons Heating curves of strongly interacting matter measured by NA49 at the CERN SPS serve as evidence for a transition between hadron gas and quark-gluon plasma, similarly the heating curve of water shows the transitions between the phases of water Q (heat added) Heating of water vapor Heat used to vaporize water to water vapor Heating of water temperature ( o C) Ice NA49-future

5 The phase diagram of water is well established but the properties of the transition between hadron gas and quark-gluon plasma still have to be uncovered 1 st order phase transition NA49-future Baryochemical potential (MeV) Temperature (MeV) NA49-future ? ? critical point

6 In our daily life... droplets of water droplets of strongly interacting matter the properties of strongly interacting matter can be studied only in collisions of heavy nuclei NA49-future

7 COLLISIONS OF TWO NUCLEI -the only tool to study properties of strongly interacting matter in the laboratory NA49-future UrQMD produced particles measured in the NA49 apparatus (scale 10 m) snapshot of the produced matter after the collision (scale m)

8 LHC SPS NA49-future NA49-future at the CERN SPS

9 -future NA49-future

energy (A GeV) In+In energy (A GeV) Pb+Pb C+C Si+Si = 2∙10 6 registered collisions NA49NA49-future NA49-future plans to perform a comprehensive scan in energy and size of colliding nuclei to study the properties of the transition between hadron gas and quark gluon plasma p+p

energy (A GeV) In+In C+C Si+Si = 2∙10 6 registered collisions NA49-future New data registered by NA49-future p+p energy (A GeV)  may lead to a discovery of the critical point of strongly interacting matter by an observation of a hill of fluctuations p+p C+C Si+Si In+In

energy (A GeV) In+In C+C Si+Si = 2∙10 6 registered collisions NA49-future New data registered by NA49-future p+p will uncover properties of the transition between hadron gas and quark-gluon observed by NA49 in Pb+Pb collisions energy (A GeV)

13 The NA49-future Collaboration: 101 physicists from 24 institutes and 15 countries: University of Athens, Athens, Greece University of Bari and INFN, Bari, Italy University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland KFKI IPNP, Budapest, Hungary Cape Town University, Cape Town, South Africa Jagellionian University, Cracow, Poland Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia Fachhochschule Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany Swietokrzyska Academy, Kielce, Poland Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia LPNHE, Universites de Paris VI et VII, Paris, France Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea Faculty of Physics, University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia State University of New York, Stony Brook, USA KEK, Tsukuba, Japan Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia ETH, Zurich, Switzerland NA49-future