Ethnic Identity in the 20 th -Century U.S.. “You are very curious to us. You invite us to live among you in an atmosphere of equality that we have never.

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Presentation transcript:

Ethnic Identity in the 20 th -Century U.S.

“You are very curious to us. You invite us to live among you in an atmosphere of equality that we have never known before; you give us ownership of our own lives for the first time and you ask no more of us than you do of yourselves. I hope you understand how special you are in this—how unique a people you are. Which is why it is all the more painful and confusing to us that so few of you are capable of living up to the ideals you set for yourselves.” --Mandy Patinkin as Sangia Solenz-Aah, Alien Nation (1988)

The House I Live in (1945), starring Frank Sinatra Music and Lyrics, Earl Robinson and Abel Meeropol [Lewis Allen]

U.S. Immigration History Time Line 1790 First U.S. Naturalization Law 1845 Irish Famine, first wave of massive immigration 1865 Civil War ends, new era of industrial development 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act 1893 Ellis Island opens, Federal Government takes administrative responsibility from states 1894 Immigration Restriction League founded 1924 Johnson-Reed Immigration Restriction Act, or National Origins Act 1942 Japanese American Internment Bracero Program for Mexican workers 1943 Chinese Exclusion Repeal Act 1952 McCarran-Walter Act 1954 Operation “Wetback” 1965 Hart-Cellar Act, or Immigration and Nationality Act 1965 and after, first massive Third World immigration—Asia, the Americas, Africa 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act

Immigration History Periodization 1790 – 1845 “Free White Persons” Modest immigration from West and North Europe 1845 – 1924 Anglo-Saxons and “Others” Massive immigration from Europe—increasingly from southern and eastern Europe--modest immigration from Asia and Mexico 1924 – 1965 “The 3 Great Races of Mankind” Relatively little immigration—restriction, Depression, war Consolidation of notions of “difference” coinciding with “color” Post-1965 “A Nation of Immigrants: the New Pluralism and the New Racism” Heavy migration from the Americas and Asia, relatively little from Europe Civil Rights and “Post”-Civil Rights eras Multiculturalism Legal and Illegal immigration mfj1958DIG

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