Skills: none Concepts: innovation timing, research prototype, commodity versus custom hardware, graphical user interface, contributions of Doug Engelbart,

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Presentation transcript:

Skills: none Concepts: innovation timing, research prototype, commodity versus custom hardware, graphical user interface, contributions of Doug Engelbart, Ivan Sutherland, and Xerox PARC This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 License. Innovation timing

Where does this topic fit? Internet concepts – Applications – Technology – Implications Internet skills – Application development – Content creation – User skills

A typical graphical user interface

Ivan Sutherland 1963Doug Engelbart, 1968

The TX-2 at MIT

The Alto at Xerox PARC, 1973

Fail: Xerox Star, 1981 Custom hardware

Fail: Apple Lisa, 1983 Custom hardware

Success: Apple Macintosh, 1984 Custom hardware

Fail: VisiOn, 1983 Commodity PCs

Fail: Windows 1, 1985 Commodity PCs

Fail: Windows 2, 1987 Commodity PCs

Success: Windows 3, 1990 Commodity PCs

Not only hardware timing

Summary

Self-study questions The Apple iPad was a successful product when introduced in Other tablet computers preceded it and did poorly. Describe one and discuss the reasons for its failure. Apple introduced a hand held computer called the Newton in 1993, but it failed. What were the reasons for its failure?

Resources Video of Ivan Sutherland demonstrating Sketchpad, narrated by Alan Kay: Video of Doug Engelbart demonstrating NLS: A short overview of Xerox PARC and its influence on Apple and Microsoft: parc-and-the-development-of-the-personal-computer/ Introduction of the Macintosh and the legendary “1984” commercial: Wikipedia and other Internet sites have a lot of information on the products discussed in this presentation.